Interacting with Special Populations Flashcards
DISABILITY definition ADA
- person who has a physical or mental
impairment - that substantially limits one or more
major life activities, - a person who has a history or record
of such an impairment, - or a person who is perceived by others
as having such an impairment
Person with Disability CRS definition
- Is impaired because of the loss of or
permanent loss of use of a hand or
foot or because of blindness - or the permanent impairment of vision
of both eyes to such a degree as to
constitute virtual blindness; - Is unable to walk, see, hear, or speak;
- Is unable to breathe without
mechanical assistance; - Is a person with an intellectual and
developmental
When was the American Disability act created
1990
What did the ADA Act accomplish
- Guarantees equal opportunity to
individuals with disabilities in state. - By law, people with disabilities are
entitled to the same level of access to
law enforcement services as provided
to those without disabilities
Eugenics
- Set of beliefs and practices which aim
at improving the human species by
selectively mating people with specific
desirable hereditary traits. - It aims to reduce human suffering by
“breeding out” disease, disabilities and
so-called undesirable characteristics
from the human population.
Buck v. Bell (1927)
A case in which the Court ruled that the Virginia statute authorizing sterilization of inmates of institutions.
section 504 Civil Rights Act
- Passed in 1973
- protects disparate impact
- banned discrimination on the basis of
disability by recipients of federal funds - classified ppl with disabilities as a
minority group
Disparate impact definition
having policy that indirectly discriminates
Different types of Sign Language
- American Sign Language (ASL)
- Pidgin Signed English(PSE)
- Signing Exact English(SEE)
- Cued Speech
Developmental disabilities generally impact What?
- Communication
- Language processing
- Sensory processing
- Social interaction
- Behavior
Diabetic Rage examples
- shoving
- yelling
- grabbing
Physiological Signs of Diabetic Shock
Blurry vision
sweating
confusion
Seizures
- Uncontrolled electrical activity
between brain cells
What are the different types of seizure
- Tonic: Muscles in the body become
stiff. - Atonic: Muscles in the body relax.
- Myoclonic: Short jerking in parts of the
body. - Clonic: Periods of shaking or jerking
parts on the body.
Developmental disabilities
- An umbrella term that includes more
than 200 disabilities that are - generally apparent during
childhood, originated before age 22,
and are likely to continue throughout
the individual’s lifetime
Cerebral Palsy
- Caused by an injury
- Issues with movement, posture, and muscle
control
Intellectual and/or developmental disabilities
- Significant limitations both in intellectual
functioning (reasoning, learning, problem
solving) and in adaptive behavior
IDD Communication Considerations
- Adjust your questions- short concise easy words
- Build rapport
- Show respect- avoid being condescending
- Be aware of their communication challenges
- Be patient and allow for processing time
- Avoid “Why”, “How”, and “If” questions
Down Syndrome Definition
- is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell
division results in extra genetic material from
chromosome 21. - a distinct facial appearance, intellectual disability,
developmental delays
AUTISM
- complex, lifelong developmental disability that
can impact a person’s social skills, communication,
relationships and self-regulation.
DSM-V defines Autism as
- Persistent differences in communication,
interpersonal relationships and social interactions
across different environments. - Restricted and repetitive behavior patterns,
activities and interests.
How Many LVL’s of Autism are there?
3
Lvl 1 Autism
- High Functioning
- patient’s social and communication skills
- repetitive behaviors are only noticeable without
support
Autism LVL 2
- Needs Substantial support
- patient’s social and communication skills
repetitive behaviors are only noticeable without
support
LVL 3 Autism
- needs very substantial support
- patient’s social and communication skills
repetitive behaviors severely impair daily life
True or False:
Autistic individuals may have a hard time expressing
emotions and empathy in a way that neurotypical
individuals understand.
True
Tantrum
- “Want” directed
- Goal/ ControlDriven
- Audience to perform
- Checks engagement
Meltdown
- Overstressed/ Overwhelmed
- Reactive Mechanism
- Continues without attention
- Safety may be compromised
Communication disorders
- Receptive Language
- expressive language
Receptive language
- hearing disorder: Deaf, Hard Hearing
- central auditory processing disorder
expressive language
- speech disorder: apraxia
- language disorder
Apraxia
a motor-speech disorder resulting in slurred or unintelligible speech
“Non-Verbal”
- Do they speak or have verbalizations?
- How do they get their needs met?
- Do they understand you?
- Does she/he use gestures to communicate?
Echolalia
Repeating what is said
Word retrieval
- Difficulty formulating a response to
questions, - especially open-ended questions;
- the default may be a rote or irrelevant response
that does not apply to or answer the question
asked
DEMENTIA
- general term for loss of memory and mental
abilities severe enough to impact everyday
function. - Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common cause of
dementia.
Approaching people
with Dementia
- Approach SLOWLY and from the front.
- Speak slowly and calmly
- Be patient waiting for answers
- Avoid correcting the person.
- Use eye contact and non- verbal
Talk Tactics
- take it slow
- ask simple questions
- limit reality checks
- keep eye contact
COMMON MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS
- Bipolar disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Psychosis
- Major Depressive Disorder
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder-brain is altered
- Border line personality disorder
Bipolar disorder
(manic-depressive disorder)-dramatic shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels more severe than the normal ups and downs
Schizophrenia
disruptions inthought processes, perceptions, emotional responsiveness, andsocial
interactions. Can have hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorder (unusual ways of thinking),
Typically persistent and can be both severe and disabling.
Psychosis
Amental disorder characterized by a disconnection from reality. May occur as a result of a
psychiatric illness like schizophrenia or by a health condition, medications, or drug use.
Major Depressive Disorder
persistently depressed mood or loss of interesting activities, causing significant impairment in daily life. Maybe associated with suicidal tendencies.
M1 Hold
**Need to show imminent danger **
72 hr emergency hold
danger to self
danger to others
gravely disabled
Gravely Disabled
- Due to a mental illness the individual is unable to make informed decisions about essential needs without significant supervision and assistance.
PostTraumatic StressDisorder-brainis altered
after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.
May have persistent, frightening thoughts and memories of the event(s), experience sleep problems, feel detached or numb, or maybe easily startled
Borderlinepersonalitydisorder
a pattern of instability in moods, behavior, self-image, and functioning. These experiences often result in impulsive actions and unstable relationships. May experience intense episodes of anger, depression, and anxiety that may last from only a few hours to days.
