Intelligence Flashcards
Intelligence
The ability to learn, understand the environment, and understand and control one’s mental activities
Metacognition
The ability to understand and control one’s mental activities
Spearman’s Two-Factor Theory
A general factory underlies all distinct abilities and each cluster is further identified by a unique mental factor
g factor- s factor
factor analysis
the method used to determine if two or more test items correlate, thus forming a cluster
Thurstone’s Approach Factor Model (Primary mental Abilities)
Intelligence is made up of 7 distinct mental abilities
-Numerical skills, word fluency, verbal comprehension, perceptual speed, spatial visualization, reasoning, associative memory
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
Gardner argued that there is no single, unified intelligence, but instead several independent bits of intelligence arising from different parts of the brain
-Linguistic, musical, logical, visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, Intrapersonal, naturalistic
Sternberg’s Triathic Theory
Argued that Intelligence is made up of three interacting components
- Internal (academics), Experiential (creativity) , Practical (street smart)
The biological model of Intelligence
The theory holds that Intelligence is biological, environmental, and motivational
What are the additional types of intelligence
emotional intelligence, wisdom, social, creativity, personality,
Psychometric Approach to Intelligence
test that must have standardization(uniform procedures), reliability(consistent), validity(accurate)
test-retest reliability and split-half reliability
testing the reliability by composing the test twice to see if the results are the same/ splitting the test into two parts and seeing if the results are the same
content validity and predictive validity
how accurate a test measures what it is intended to measure/ when the results from a test accurately predict what it is supposed to predict
validity coefficient
measure validity by correlating the test scores to an external criterion
Psychophysical Performance Theory
People who have more developed senses can take in more information, and people who have more energy, can take on more work and gather more information
Lewis Terman’s Intelligent Quotient (IQ)
the ratio of a person’s mental age to their chronological age, multiplied by 100
Stereotype/vulnerability threat
a phenomenon in which a group of people perform poorly on the test because they fear that the results will confirm the stereotype associated with their group
Flynn Effect
The rise in IQ scores over the years
Entity
Intelligence is fixed
Incremental view of intelligent
Intelligence can be modified through effort
Sandra Scarr Reaction Range
The upper and lower level of intelligence as well as other outcomes made possible by a child’s genetics (heredity)
Head Start and Environmental Enrichment
the program made for orphanages or for children from poor environments and the goal is to give children positive interactions and stimulations
Electroencephalogram
a device placed on a person’s head to detect brain waves (intelligence may be related to more neurons in the brain)
What happens to the brain activity during spatial tasks
both the lateral prefrontal cortex is activated during a spatial task
What happens to the brain activity when performing verbal tasks
The left lateral prefrontal cortex is activated during a verbal task
