Intelligence

Question 1

Define Fluid intelligence.

Answer 1

Biologically instantiated in the prefrontal cortex. Independent of knowledge and includes executive control and working memory. Declines in later life.

Question 2

What is Crystal intelligence?

Answer 2

Gc is a product of Gf. Crystal intelligence represents acquired knowledge. Increases over life span.

Question 3

What is the Flynn effect?

Answer 3

It is this generational rise in IQ averaged across 14 countries.

Question 4

If heritability is so strong and environmental effect so small on IQ, how can changes in the environment cause large changes in IQ?

Answer 4

Social multiplier- factors such as internet access and schooling that cause IQ to increase.
Averaging- a small increase from a few individuals over time will influence the population widely.
Gene-environment matching- people are more likely to match their environment to their phenotype, this increases initial ability.