Intellectual Revolution that Defined Society Flashcards
The time during which paradigm changes occurred
intellectual revolution
Based his concepts on Greeks four elements; earth, water, air, and fire. Later added aether as the fifth element.
Aristotle
He propounded the geocentric theory of the solar system (geocentrism). With Earth as its center which thought to be true by most of the people at that time.
Claudius Ptolemy
Placing Earth as the center of the universe while the rest of the heavenly bodies revolves around it.
Ptolemaic Model
is the explanation of planetary retrograde motion
epicycles
is the planet’s apparent motion in the opposite direction of other planets in its system
Retrograde motion
Earth is no longer at the center
of the Solar System, but at the ______
Equant point
proposed that all planets, including the Earth, move around the Sun in the same direction, in a circular path; or the Heliocentric Model.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Possesses the most sophisticated
observatory of his day. His data findings
supports Copernicus findings together
with his student Johannes Kepler.
Tycho Brahe
His findings includes that planetary motion
conform to mathematical formula.
Johannes Kepler
His investigation of the laws of motion further the understanding of the world and universe around him, and discredited the current belief of the time — that all
things revolved around the Earth.
Galileo Galilei
introduced the Theory of Evolution
which posited that populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive.
Charles Darwin
organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment and would gradually change into something that would be more competitive to survive
evolution
Questioning the God’s control of the
natural world with his theory of gravity.
Explained with mathematical principle why
apple falls from the tree
Isaac Newton
That every body attracts every other body with a force proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Universal Gravitation
