Intellectual Impairment (c) Flashcards
Intellectual disability involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in which 2 areas?
intellectual disability involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in 2 areas:
-
intellectual functioning
- learning, problem solving, judgement
-
adaptive functioning
- activities of daily life such as communication and independent living
Who is more likely to be diagnosed with an intellectual disability - males or females?
males are more likely to be diagnosed with an intellectual disability than females
What learning disability labels are appropriate to use?
appropriate learning disability labels:
- person with an intellectual impairment
- person with a learning difficulty
- person with a learning disability
- person with additional care needs
- person with additional support needs
- person who requires special care
What is a problem in body function or structure known as?
an impairment is a problem in body function or structure
What is activity limitation?
activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action
What is participation restriction?
participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations
What is the social model of disability?
the social model of disability is the theory that disability is caused by the way that society is organised, rather than by a person’s impairment or difference
The X model of disability is the thinking that disability is caused by the way that society is organised, rather than by a person’s disability or difference
X - social
What is the medical model of disability?
the medical model of disability is the thinking that people, are disabled by their medical impairments or differences
What are barriers to a social model of disability?
barriers to a social model of disability:
- segregated social provision
- inflexible organisational procedures and practices
- inaccessible information
- inaccessible buildings
- inaccessible transport
- negative cultural representations
Whta are causes of learning disability?
causes of learning disability:
-
pre-conception
- hereditary - parental genotype
- environmental - maternal health
-
pre-natal
- hereditary - chromosomal, genetic
- environmental - infection, maternal health, nutrition, toxic agents
-
peri-natal
- environmental - prematurity, injury
-
post-natal
- hereditary - untreated genetic disorders (PKU)
- environmental - infection, trauma, toxic agents, nutrition, sensory social deprivation
What are examples of syndromes associated with learning disability?
syndromes associated with learning disability:
- autistic spectrum disorders
- Down’s Syndrome
- cerebral palsy
- fragile X syndrome
- prader willi
- PKU
Down’s Syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder of genetic origin affecting chromosome X
X - 21
What is the single greatest risk factor for Down’s Syndrome?
the single greatest risk factor for Down’s Syndrome is advanced maternal age
Women over the age of X are more likely to have a child with Down’s Syndrome and this risk continues with advancing age
X - 35
Prader Willi is a condition affecting which chromosome?
Prader Willi is a syndrome affecting chromosome 15
What is there a constant desire to do in people with Prader Willi?
with Prader Willi, there is a constant desire to eat food
With Prader Willi, there is X growth
X - restricted
With Prader Willi, what can be said about muscle tone?
with Prader Willi, there is reduced muscle tone (hypotonia)
With Prader Willi, there is a lack of X development
X - sexual
With Prader Willi, what are common behavioural problems?
with Prader Willi, there are behavioural problems such as temper tantrums or stubborness
What medical condition is being described?:
- neurological condition affecting movement and coordination
- muscle stiffness or floppiness (hypotonia)
- muscle weakness
- random and uncontrolled body movements
- balance and coordination problems
cerebral palsy:
- neurological condition affecting movement and coordination
- muscle stiffness of floppiness (hypotonia)
- muscle weakness
- random and uncontorlled body problems
- balance and coordination problems
Learning disability is more common in families of X socioeconomic status
X - lower
What are the benefits of people with intellectual impairment accessing primary care services?
benefits of people with intellectual impairment accessing primary care services:
- proximity usually good for transport
- relationships may already have been established
- family members may already attend the practice
- longitudinal care - prevention and floow up
- equal opportunity to services
