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M100 history, western techniques, integumentary and endocrine system > Integumentary System Qs > Flashcards

Integumentary System Qs Flashcards

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1
Q

What structures does the integumentary system include?

A

Skin & appendages

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2
Q

State the appendages of the skin

A

Hair, nails sebaceous glands, sweat glands, skin color and mammary glands

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3
Q

What does the word integument mean?

A

Covering

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4
Q

What is the principle organ of the integumentary system?

A

Skin

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5
Q

What are the sheet-like structures of the IS called?

A

Membranes

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6
Q

What cover & protect the body surface, line body cavities & cover the inner surfaces of hollow organs?

A

Membranes

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7
Q

What anchor organs to each other?

A

Membranes

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8
Q

What anchors organ to bone?

A

Membranes

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9
Q

What covers internal organs?

A

Membranes

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10
Q

What secrete lubricating fluids that reduce friction during organ movements?

A

Membranes

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11
Q

What secrete lubricating fluids that decrease friction between bones & joints?

A

Membranes

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12
Q

State the two major types of membranes

A

Epithelial & connective

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13
Q

State the three types of epithelial membranes

A

Mucous, serous, and cutaneous

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14
Q

What is the primary organ of the integumentary system?

A

Cutaneous membrane

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15
Q

What type of membrane is also known as the skin?

A

Cutaneous membrane

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16
Q

State the largest organ of the body

A

Cutaneous membrane

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17
Q

Which membrane has a superficial layer of epithelial cells & underlying area of supportive connective tissue?

A

Cutaneous membrane

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18
Q

Which epithelial membrane is composed of two layers of tissue known as parental & visceral?

A

Serous membrane

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19
Q

The ____ sheet of serous membrane is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium

A

Epithelial

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20
Q

The ____ sheet of serous membrane is a thin layer of simple squamous epithelium

A

Epithelial

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21
Q

The ___ tissue layer of serous membrane forms a very thin, glue-like basement membrane that holds & supports the epithelial cells

A

Connective

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22
Q

The serous membrane that lines the walls of body cavities

A

Parental

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23
Q

The serous membrane that covers the surface organs found in the body cavities

A

Visceral

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24
Q

The thoracic cavity serous membranes

A

Pleura

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25
Q

The abdominal cavity serous membranes

A

Peritoneum

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26
Q

___ membranes secrete a thin, watery fluid that helps reduce friction & serves as a lubricant when organs rub together & against cavity walls

A

Serous

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27
Q

Epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior of the body

A

Mucous membranes

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28
Q

These membranes line the respiratory, digestive, urinary & reproductive tracts

A

Mucous membranes

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29
Q

The thick, slimy material secreted by epithelial cells of most mucous membranes

A

Mucus

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30
Q

This keeps mucous membranes moist & soft

A

Mucus

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31
Q

A point of fusion where the skin & mucous membranes meet

A

Mucocutaneous junction

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32
Q

___ membranes do not contain epithelial tissue

A

Connective tissue

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33
Q

Connective tissue membranes that line the spaces between bones & joints

A

Synovial membranes

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34
Q

These membranes are smooth & slick. They secrete a thick, colorless lubricating fluid called synovial fluid

A

Synovial membranes

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35
Q

These membranes line the small, cushion-like sacs (a.k.a. Bursae) found between moving body parts

A

Synovial membranes

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36
Q

A.k.a. Oil glands

A

Sebaceous glands

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37
Q

The outermost layer of the skin

A

Epidermis

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38
Q

The layer of skin with stratified squamous epithelium

A

Epidermis

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39
Q

The deeper layer of skin

A

Dermis

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40
Q

The layer of skin made up of mostly connective tissue

A

Dermis

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41
Q

The supports the layers of skin & is a thick layer of loose connective tissue & fat

A

Subcutaneous

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42
Q

A.k.a. Hypodermis

A

Subcutaneous

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43
Q

This insulates the body from extremes of heat & cold

A

Fat inside subcutaneous

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44
Q

This structure of skin serves as a stored source of energy & can be used as a food source

A

Adipose tissue

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45
Q

This structure of skin acts as a shock-absorbing pad & helps protect underlying tissues from injury

A

Adipose tissue in subcutaneous

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46
Q

The structure of skin that contains tightly packed epithelial cells arranged in many different layers

A

Epidermis

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47
Q

The innermost layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum basale

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48
Q

The cells of the innermost layer of the epidermis reproduce themselves via _ .

A

Mitosis

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49
Q

As cells from the stratum germinativum move towards the surface of the skin, the cells’ cytoplasm is replaced with __.

A

Keratin

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50
Q

A protein substance that is tough & waterproof

A

Keratin

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51
Q

This substance provides cells on the outer layer of the skin with a horny, abrasion-resistant, protective quality

A

Keratin

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52
Q

The tough outer layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum corneum

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53
Q

Gives skin its color

A

Melanin

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54
Q

Which layer of skin is pigment found?

A

Epidermal basal

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55
Q

A type of pigment that gives skin its brown color

A

Melanin

56
Q

Cells that produce brown pigment

A

Melanocytes

57
Q

The primary function of __ is protection from UV radiation from sunlight

A

Melanin

58
Q

The condition when the skin turns bluish gray due to lack of oxygen from low blood flow

A

Cyanosis

59
Q

What do we call the area where the epidermal & the dermal layers meet?

A

Dermal-epidermal junction

60
Q

The thicker layer of skin

A

Dermis

61
Q

The layer of skin composed mostly of connective tissue

A

Dermis

62
Q

The layer of skin that has its cells scattered apart

A

Dermis

63
Q

The tough & strong fibers found between cells of the dermis

A

Collagen

64
Q

The stretchable fibers found between cells of the dermis

A

Elastin

65
Q

The parallel rows of tiny bumps found in the upper region of the dermis

A

Dermal papilllae

66
Q

These structures bind the skin layers together

A

Dermal papillae

67
Q

These form ridges & grooves that make up your fingerprints & footprints

A

Dermal papillae

68
Q

What happens to collagen and elastin fibers with age?

A

Decrease

69
Q

What happens to skin with age?

A

Sagging
Less pliant
Less soft

70
Q

The specialized network of nerves &
Nerve endings are found in which layer of skin?

A

Dermis

71
Q

What do the nerves & nerve endings of the skin sense?

A

Temp,pain, pressure

72
Q

These are found at various levels of the dermis

A

Nerves
Arrector pili
Hair follicles
Blood vessels

73
Q

Extremely fine & soft hair of a newborn

A

Lanugo

74
Q

What areas of the skin are truly hairless?

A

Mouth
Palms
Lips
Soles of feet
Parts of genitalia

75
Q

What causes pubic hair growth?

A

Hormones

76
Q

The tube where the hair grows

A

Follicle

77
Q

Small, cap-shaped cluster of cells where hair begins to grow

A

Hair papilla

78
Q

The part of the hair that is hidden in the hair follicle

A

Root

79
Q

The visible part of the hair

A

Hair shaft

80
Q

True or false: cutting & shaving hair makes it grow faster

A

False

81
Q

Tiny, smooth involuntary muscles that cause goose bumps

A

Arrector pili

82
Q

What makes hair grow straight?

A

Arrector pili

83
Q

These make it possible for the skin to serve as sense organs

A

Receptors

84
Q

Deep to the dermis, they detect pressure

A

Pacifism corpuscle

85
Q

Close to the skin surface, they detect light touch

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

86
Q

These detect pain & temperature

A

Free nerve endings

87
Q

These detect low-frequency vibration

A

Nails

88
Q

Nails are hard due to what substance?

A

Keratin

89
Q

The visible part of the nail

A

Nail body

90
Q

The part of the nail that lies in the groove, hidden by a fold of skin

A

Nail root

91
Q

The fold of skin that hides a part of the nail

A

Cuticle

92
Q

The crescent-shaped white area of the nail

A

Lanula

93
Q

A layer of the epithelium that lies under the nail

A

nail bed

94
Q

A.k.a. Sweat glands

A

Sudoriferous

95
Q

A.k.a. Oil glands

A

Sebaceous

96
Q

The most numerous skin glands

A

Sudoriferous

97
Q

Two types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine, apocrine

98
Q

The most numerous of the sweat glands

A

Eccrine

99
Q

The waste products eliminated by sweat

A

Ammonia & Uric acid

100
Q

Glands that aid the body in maintaining a constant temperature

A

Sweat glands

101
Q

Outlets of small ducts from eccrine sweat glands

A

Pores

102
Q

These sweat glands are found under the armpits & around the genitals

A

Apocrine

103
Q

Body odor is caused by body secretions being contaminated & decomposed by ___

A

Bacteria

104
Q

These glands have tiny ducts that open into hair follicles

A

Sebaceous

105
Q

Secretions from sebaceous glands that lubricate the hair & skin

A

Sebum

106
Q

The substance that makes up pimples & blackheads

A

Sebum

107
Q

Increased wrinkling & cracking of skin in late adulthood is due in large part to decreased ___ production.

A

Sebum

108
Q

Four functions of the skin

A

Protect
Hear balance
Sensation
Vitamin D production

109
Q

What does the skin protect against?

A

UV
bacteria
Chemicals
Fluid loss

110
Q

Treatment & recovery from burns depends on what two things?

A

Area & depth

111
Q

What is burn severity determined by?

A

Degree

112
Q

The most frequently used method of determining the extent of a burn injury?

A

Rule of nine

113
Q

A type of burn with minor discomfort & reddening of the skin

A

1st degree

114
Q

There are no blisters with this type of burn

A

1st degree

115
Q

A type of burn involving deep epidermal layer & upper dermal layers

A

2nd degree

116
Q

A type of burn with damage to sweat glands, hair follicles, & sebaceous glands but dermis is not completely destroyed

A

2nd degree

117
Q

A type of burn with blisters, severe pain, swelling, fluid loss & often scarring

A

2nd degree

118
Q

A type of burn with complete destruction of the dermis & epidermis

A

3rd degree

119
Q

A type of burn that often involves muscle

A

3rd degree to 4th

120
Q

Fungus

A

Tinea

121
Q

Odor producing sweat glands

A

Apocrine

122
Q

Vitamin d deficiency

A

Rickets

123
Q

Inflammation of the dermis

A

Dermatitis

124
Q

A.k.a. Bed sores

A

Decubitus ulcer

125
Q

Skin cancer that often affects those with AIDS

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

126
Q

Malignant neoplasm that involves melanin-producing cells

A

Melanoma

127
Q

A.k.a. Ringworms

A

Tinea corporis

128
Q

A.k.a. Athlete’s foot

A

Tinea pedis

129
Q

Given with a hypodermic needle

A

Subcutaneous injection

130
Q

Glands that produce ear wax

A

Ceruminous

131
Q

Inflammation of the serous membranes of the abdominal cavity

A

Peritonitis

132
Q

Inflammation of the serous membranes of the chest cavity

A

Pleurisy

133
Q

What part of the nail hangs over the finger?

A

Free edge

134
Q

What areas of the body has the thickest skin?

A

Palms & soles

135
Q

What type of muscle are Arrector Pili?
A. Cardiac
B. Skeletal
C. Smooth
D. They are not muscles

A

Smooth

M100 history, western techniques, integumentary and endocrine system (3 decks)

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