integumentary system a&p + diseases and disorders Flashcards
three layers of the skin
epidermis –> dermis –> subcutaneous
functions of skin
sense of touch, protection, vit D synth, secreting oil for bacteria and lubrication, temp regulation via hair, protection of dorsal surfaces of fingers and toes
what contributes to skin color
melanin and carotene as well as hemoglobin in the blood
what are the stages of hair growth
anagen –> catagen –> telogen –> return to early anagen
list the sebaceous gland conditions
acne vulgaris, seborrhea, seborrheic keratosis (benign skin growth)
list the nail conditions
onychia, onychocryptosis, ocychomycosis
onychia
inflamation of nail bed, typically falls off
onychocryptosis
ingrown toenail
onychomycosis
fungal infection of the nail
mycosis
skin infection caused by fungus
tinea
ringworm infection in skin hair or nails, (not an actual worm just fungus)
impetigo
contagious bacterial infection causing crusted pustules, common in children
gangrene
death of tissue caused by lack of circulation
lesions
fluid filled sacs in the skin
macule
discolored flat spot less than 1 cm in diameter (ex: freckles, flat moles)
weal
smooth, slightly elevated swollen area
nodule
solid, raised lesion larger than 0.5 cm in diameter, can cause scarring
exudate
fluid that leaks out of an infected wound (ex: pus)
acanthosis nigricans
areas of skin that develop dark and wartlike patches
chloasma
brown spots occurring after pregnancy
vitiligo
destruction of melanocytes
folliculitis
inflammation of hair follicle, common cause is bacteria in poorly chlorinated hot tubs
hirsutism
eexcess body or facial hair in women
contusion
injury to skin without breaking skin surface, discoloration caused by accumulation of blood within skin
ecchymosis
bruise
hematoma
swelling of clotted blood in tissue usually caused by forceful injury
petechiae
small hemorrhages less than 2mm
purpura
purple discoloration
