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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

0
Q

Skin, hair, nails, and excretory glands

A

Integumentary system

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1
Q

Largest organ

A

Skin

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2
Q

Epidermis and dermis

A

Cutaneous membrane

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3
Q

Part of the integumentary system containing hair, nails, and excretory glands

A

Accessory organs

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4
Q

Fat layer of skin that protects major blood vessels

main

A

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

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5
Q

Functions of integumentary system

A 
Protection
Excretes salts
Maintains body temp
Formation of vitamin D
Storage of nutrients
Touch receptors
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6
Q

Layer of skin that reduces friction, protects, and keeps out microorganisms

A

Epidermis

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7
Q

Cause hardening of skin

A

Keratinocytes

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8
Q

Palms and soles of feet

A

Thick epidermis

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9
Q

Eyelids and belly button

A

Thinnest epidermis

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10
Q

Layers of epidermis (deepest to surface)

Bennes Says Good Luck Children

A 
Stratum Balsale 
     "       Spinosum
     "       Grandulosum
     "       Lucidium
     "       Corneum
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11
Q

Deepest layer of epidermis, creates fingerprints, undergo mitosis

A

Stratum Balsale

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12
Q

Sensitive to touch

A

Merkel cells

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13
Q

Brown pigment cells

A

Melanocytes

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14
Q

Above Balsale layer, cells are still dividing

A

Stratum spinosum

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15
Q

Cells that fight infection

A

Langerhan’s cells

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16
Q

Above spinosum, mitosis stops, make keratin

A

Stratum granulosum

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17
Q

Only found in thick skin areas, densely packed, filled with keratin

A

Stratum lucidium

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18
Q

Surface layer, 15-20 layers, water resistant

A

Stratum corneum

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19
Q

Gradual evaporation throughout the day (1/2 L per day)

A

Insensible perspiration

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20
Q

Perspiration out of glands

A

Sensible perspiration

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21
Q

Caused by epidermal pigments and dermal circulation

A

Skin color

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22
Q

(Orange-yellow) pigment that can be changed into vitamin A, benefits vision

A

Carotene

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23
Q

(Brownish-yellow-black) pigment that protects against UV rays

A

Melanin

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24
(Red-pink) pigment of skin found in blood, carries oxygen
Hemoglobin
25
"Flushed skin" (red)
Dilated vessels
26
"Cyanosis" (blue)
Constricted vessels
27
Blood vessels expand making you look more red. When they restrict you look more blue
Dermal circulation
28
Inner layer of skin beneath the epidermis
Dermis
29
Loss of elastin in the dermis due to UV exposure
Wrinkles
30
Light touch (why we feel wind blowing)
Meissner corpusles
31
Heavy pressure, pain (why we feel a punch)
Pacinian corpusles
32
Layer of skin that stabilizes, is an energy source, contains elastic fibers, and made up of fat
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
33
5 million on body, 90-95% are nonliving, form in hair follicles
Hair
34
Anchors hair into skin
Root
35
Surrounds hair follicle and connects in to blood vessels and nerves
Hair bulb
36
Above the skin (structure of hair)
Hair shaft
37
Outer surface (dead, hardened layer) *hair*
Cuticle
38
Part of cuticle that is the middle layer and has a thick layer of keratin
Cortex
39
Part of cuticle that is the inner core and is flexible/soft
Medulla
40
First hair to form in the embryo
Lanugo
41
Fine hair on the body
Vellus
42
Heavy, dark, coarse, curly hair
Terminal
43
Round follicles make this type of hair
Straight
44
Flat follicles make this type of hair
Curly
45
Caused by melanin levels
Hair color
46
High levels of melanin
Dark hair
47
Low levels of melanin
Light hair
48
Functions of hair
Protect Insulate Clean air Sensory
49
Smooth muscles that are attached to hairs and make them sand on end
Arrector pili muscles
50
Hair grows for 2-5 years, 1/2 inch each month, gets nutrients from blood
Hair production
51
Hair at the end of its life, gets pushed out buy new hair
Club hair
52
Oil glands connected to hair follicles, Holocrine glands, sebum
Sebaceous glands
53
Ducts of oil glands
Lumen
54
Oily secretion from glands
Sebum
55
"Sudoriferous"
Sweat glands
56
Type of sweat gland: Secrete into hair follicles Odor,sticky,cloudy Starts at puberty
Apocrine glands
57
Type of sweat gland: "Merrocrine" More numerous and smaller 2-5 million
Eccrine
58
Functions of sweat glands
Cool body temp Release water and electrolytes Protect against bacteria and viruses
59
Gland that releases milk
Mammary
60
Gland that releases ear wax
Ceruminous
61
Dead, hardened, and tightly packed cells
Nails
62
Visible part of the nail
Nail body
63
Front of nail
Free edge
64
Skin sides that touch nails
Nail folds
65
End of finger tip (under nail free edge)
Hyponychium
66
Non-visible back of nail
Nail root
67
Cuticle
Eponychium
68
White 1/2 moon at the base of nail
Lunula
69
Steps of skin repair
Bleeding occurs Scab forms,epidermal cells move ⬇️ Fibroblast form new skin tissue Scab is shed
70
Aging and the affect on the integumentary system
``` Epidermis gets thin Langerhan cells decrease Melanocyte activity decreases Blood supply reduced Skin repair slows down ```
71
Burn that causes pain and redness (epidermis)
1st degree
72
Burn that causes blisters and pain (epidermis and dermis)
2nd degree
73
Burn that causes loss of sensation and needs grafts for repair (all layers)
3rd degree
74
Redness of the skin
Erythema
75
20% burns or more are dangerous due to:
Fluid loss Cannot control temp Bacterial infection
76
Wide spread body/blood infection
Sepsis
77
3rd degree burn treatment
Replace fluids Give nutrients Prevent infection Repair with grafts
78
Epidermis and dermis is taken for grafts
Split thickness
79
All layers are taken for grafts
Full thickness
80
What is the acronym used to identify skin cancer
``` Asymmetry Border Color Diameter Elevation/enlargement ```
81
Graft from an animal
Xenograft
81
Graft from donor
Allograft
81
Graft from yourself
Autograft

Anatomy (6 decks)

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