Chapter 6: Bones

Question 0

Arms, legs, hips, and shoulders (appendages)

Answer 0

Appendicular

Question 1

Head, vertebrae, and ribs

Answer 1

Axial

Question 2

Functions of Skeletal System

Answer 2

1. Support
2. Storage of calcium/phosphate
3. Blood cell production
4. Protection
5. Muscle movement

Question 3

Long bones

Answer 3

Femur, Tibia, Fibula

Question 4

Flat

Answer 4

Cranium, ribs, coxxal

Question 5

Short

Answer 5

Carpals, tarsals

Question 6

Irregular

Answer 6

Face, vertebrae column

Question 7

Sesmoid

Answer 7

Hyoid, patella

Question 8

Sutural

Answer 8

Between skull mines

Question 9

Solid and densely packed bone in shaft

Answer 9

Compact bone

Question 10

Loosely packed bone in ends

Answer 10

Spongy bone

Question 11

Diaphysis

Answer 11

Shaft

Question 12

Epiphysis

Answer 12

Ends

Question 13

Area where growth occurs between shaft and ends

Answer 13

Metaphysis

Question 14

Center of shaft, reduces weight

Answer 14

Marrow cavity

Question 15

On the end of bones, reduces friction

Answer 15

Articulate cartilage

Question 16

Red bone marrow

Answer 16

Found mostly in kids and makes blood cells

Question 17

Yellow bone marrow

Answer 17

Found in adults and makes fat when dormant

Question 18

Study of tissues

Answer 18

Histology

Question 19

Solid, calcium phosphate, collagen fibers

Answer 19

Matrix

Question 20

Bone cells (2 percent)

Answer 20

Osteocytes

Question 21

Components that house osteocytes

Answer 21

Lacunae

Question 22

Concentric rings around blood vessels

Answer 22

Lamellae

Question 23

Longitudinal pathway for blood vessels

Answer 23

Haversian canal

Question 24

Connect one lacunae to another

Answer 24

Canaliculi

Question 25

Outer protective covering of bones

Answer 25

Periosteum

Question 26

Ground substance (66 percent)

Answer 26

Calcium phosphate

Question 27

Strong, flexible fibers (32 percent)

Answer 27

Collagen

Question 28

Cells that make new bone tissue

Answer 28

Osteoblasts

Question 29

Process of forming new bone

Answer 29

Osteogenesis

Question 30

Bone stem cells

Answer 30

Osteoprogenitor

Question 31

Break down bone tissue

Answer 31

Osteoclasts

Question 32

Process of breaking bone tissue down

Answer 32

Osteolysis

Question 33

Horizontal pathways for blood vessels

Answer 33

Volkmann canals

Question 34

Struts that form spongy bone make up

Answer 34

Trabeculate

Question 35

Functions of periosteum

Answer 35

1. Separation from other tissues
2. Pathway for blood vessels
3. Helps bones grow and repair

Question 36

Inner protective lining on marrow cavity

Answer 36

Endosteum

Question 37

Process of bone hardening, bone replaces cartilage

Answer 37

Ossification

Question 38

Flat bone formation (middle->out)

Answer 38

Intramembranous

Question 39

Long bone formation (middle->ends)

Answer 39

Endochondral

Question 40

Growth plates

Answer 40

Epiphyseal disks

Question 41

Occurs on the outside surface

Answer 41

Appositional growth

Question 42

The first artery in shaft

Answer 42

Nutrient artery and vein

Question 43

Enter the bone second. Harden and growth plae

Answer 43

Metaphyseal vessels

Question 44

Go the periosteum

Answer 44

Periosteal vessels

Question 45

Process of replacing bone tissue throughout a lifetime

Answer 45

Remodeling

Question 46

Bones are out of position

Answer 46

Compound fracture

Question 47

Bone stays in position

Answer 47

Simple fracture

Question 48

Disease is ossification of bone

Answer 48

Osteopenia

Question 49

Steps of a fracture repair:

Answer 49

1. Hematoma forms
2. External callus forms
3. Spongy bone forms
4. Compact bone replaces spongy
5. Callus is removed over time

Question 50

Traumatic fracture

Answer 50

Caused by injury

Question 51

Caused by disease

Answer 51

Pathological