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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

integumentary system

A

made of skin and its accessory structure

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2
Q

integumentary fxns:

A

regulation of temp, blood reservoir, protection, cutaneous sensations, excretion and absorption, synthesis of vitamin D

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3
Q

skin

A

different tissues that are joined together to perform specific functions and is the largest organ of the body

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4
Q

dermatology

A

medical specialty that deals with diagnosing and treating skin disorders

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5
Q

superficial layer

A

epidermis- composed of epithelial tissue

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6
Q

second deeper layer

A

dermis- primary composed of connective tissue

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7
Q

deepest layer

A

subcutaneous/ hypodermis- consists of areolar and adipose tissue

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8
Q

epidermis

A

composed of stratified squamos epithelium

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9
Q

keratinocytes

A

produce keratin (fiberous) which helps to protect the skin and the underlying tissue and releases a waterproof sealant, these are 90% of the cells

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10
Q

Langerhans cells

A

participate in immune responses

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10
Q

melanocytes

A

produce the pigment melanin which contributes to skin color and absorbs damaging UV light

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11
Q

stratum spinosum

A

8-10 layers of keratinocytes, 2nd deepest layer

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11
Q

stratum basale

A

contains some stem cells capable of cell division to form new cells, deepest layer of the epidermis

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11
Q

merkel cells

A

help with tactile and provides the sensation of touch

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12
Q

stratum granulosum

A

shows the formation of a water repellent sealant between the cells, the cells look grainy

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12
Q

reticular layer

A

deepest dermis layer

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12
Q

stratum corneum

A

most superficial layer and consists of mainly dead skin cells

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13
Q

stratum lucidum

A

only present in fingers, palms, and soles for extra padding/ protection

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14
Q

dermis

A

made of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers

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14
Q

epidermal ridges

A

increase friction for better grasping ability and provide the basis for fingerprints and footprints. The ridges typically reflect contours of the underlying dermis.

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15
Q

albinisim

A

an inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin

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15
Q

papillary layer

A

dermal papillae, corpuscles of touch (Meissner’s corpuscles), and free nerve endings for sensations of heat, cold, pain, tickle, and itch, most superficial dermis layer

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15
Q

skin color is due to three pigments…

A

melanin (yellow-red/ brown-black), carotene (orange), hemoglobin (red which is in the blood in capillaries)

16
Q

vitiligo

A

the complete or partial loss of melanocytes from patches of the skin resulting in irregular white spots

17
Q

accessory structures

A

hair, glands, and nails

17
Q

hairs/ pili

A

all over body other than palms, soles, and plantars, consists of a shaft, root, and a hair follicle, associated with them are the sebaceous glands and arrector pili muscle

18
Q

lanugo hair

A

fine, non-pigmented hair that covers the fetus

18
Q

hair growth altering

A

can be altered by illness, diet, high fever, surgery, blood loss, severe emotional stress, and gender

19
Q

terminal hair

A

hair that appears in response to androgens and hair of the head, eyelashes, and eyebrows + facial hair

19
Q

vellus hair

A

is a short, fine hair that replaces lanugo, all over the body

20
Q

hair fxn;

A

protection, decrease in heat loss, and sensing light touch

21
Q

sebaceous glands

A

usually connected to hair follicles , produce sebum, acne results from the oil build up

22
Q
A
23
Q

eccrine sweat glands

A

have an extensive distribution, to regulate body temperature through evaporation

23
Q

sudoriferous (sweat) gland

A

broken into two different kinds, apocrine and eccrine

24
Q

apocrine sweat glands

A

limited in distribution to the skin of the axilla, pubis, and areolae

25
Q

modified sweat gland

A

modified sudoriferous glands that produce a waxy substance celled cerumen

26
Q

Nails

A

hard, keratinized epidermal cells, principal parts of a nail are the nail plate, free edge, root, and lunula, help in grasping and manupulating small objects, and protection against trauma

27
Q

inflammatory phase

A

a bloot clot unites the would edges epithelial cells migrate across the wound, vasodilatation and increased permability of blood vessels deliver phagocytes and fibroblasts form

28
Q

migratory phase

A

epithelial cells beneath the scab bridges the wound

29
Q

proliferative phase

A

events of the migratory stage intesify

30
Q

maturation phase

A

the scab sloughs off, the epidermis is restored to normal thickness

31
Q

metastasized

A

when cancerous cells spread

32
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

most common effects the stratum basale

33
Q

squamos cell carcinoma

A

found in areas of high exposure (ears, lips, scalp)

34
Q

malignant melanomas

A

arise in the melanocytes, metastasizes rapidly, life threatening (melanoted parts of your body like moles)

35
Q

ABCDE

A

asymmetry, border irregularity, color, diameter, and elevation

36
Q

1st degree burn

A

redness, pain, no blisters

37
Q

2nd degree burn

A

blisters, epidermis and dermis damaged, pain

38
Q

3rd degree burn

A

epidermis, dermis, and subQ destroyed, extreme water loss, skin graft, 70% is most likely to be fatal

39
Q

autograft

A

from same person

40
Q

homograft

A

from another person

41
Q

xenograft

A

from another species

42
Q

synthetic skin

A

facilited skin

43
Q

pressure sores

A

due to deficiency of blood to tissue from laying on a bony prominence for so long

Anatomy (6 decks)

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