Integumentary System Flashcards
What functions does your skin perform?
- Protection
- Synthesizes vitamin D with UV
- Regulates body heat
- Prevents unnecessary water loss
- Sensory reception (nerve endings)
Most numerous cell type, this cell produces keratin
Keratinocytes
This type of cell produces the pigments which give skin its color:
Melanocytes
These cells derive from macrophages, function in immunity:
Langerhan Cells
Located in the deepest layer of the epidermis, contribute to the sensation of touch:
stratum basale
Also known as stratum germinativum
Stratum basale
Stratum immediately superficial to the stratum basale; cells look prickly under the microscope
Stratum spinosum
A clear layer that is normally found only in thick layers of palms and soles
Stratum lucidum
Uppermost layer consisting of rows of flat, dead cells filled with keratin
Stratum coreum
The outer one-fifth of the dermis is known as the _________________ region.
Papillary
Papillary region consists of _______________________ connective tissue.
loose connective tissue
The remainder of the dermis is known as the __________________ region
reticular region
Reticular region is composed of ___________________ connective tissue.
dense connective tissue
Skin is strengthened by __________________ fibers in the reticular layer.
collagen
Dark skin is due primarily to __________________________.
Melanin
Melanocytes are in greatest abundance in the stratum ___________________.
basale
Melanin is derived from the amino acid ____________________.
Tyrosine
The enzyme that converts the amino acid to melanin is _____________________.
Tyrosinase
This enzyme is activated by ____________________ light.
UV
What is the main function of hair?
- Warmth – less in man than other mammals
- Sense light touch of the skin
- Protection - scalp
Arrange the part of the hair from superficial to deep:
A. shaft B. root C. bulb
A. Shaft
C. Bulb
B. Root
The part of the hair follicle where cells undergo mitosis permitting growth of new hair is called ____________________.
matrix
In which parts of the body are these glands largest? __________________
Face
In which parts of body are sebaceous glands absent? _________________
Palms & soles
the more common type of sweat gland ____________________
eccrine
gland responsible for sweaty palms _____________________
eccrine
associated with foot odor ______________________
eccrine
produce most of the sweat in the armpits and pubic areas ___________________
apocrine
In a first degree burn, only the superficial layers of _______________ are involved.
epidermis
In a second degree burn, the parts of the skin that are injured are ___________________________________.
epidermis & upper dermis
Third degree burns are called _________-thickness burns. Such skin appears _______________________. These burns are usually _______________ because nerve endings are destroyed.
Full thickness;
brown black
numb/ painless
