Integumentary System Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the system consist of?

A

It consists of skin, glands, hair, & nails

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2
Q

Dermis

A

connective tissue. collagen & elastic fibers, nerves, blood vessels, hair follicles, glands

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3
Q

Epidermis

A

(stratified squamous)
-avascular supply

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4
Q

Hypodermis/Subcutaneous layer

A

(not skin)
-made of adipose & areolar

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5
Q

Which layer of the epidermis is found in the soles of feet & palms?

A

stratum lucidum

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6
Q

Which layer of the epidermis does cell division occur?

A

stratum basale

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7
Q

Melanocytes

A

-same # in everyone, some produce more melanin
-contains melanin

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8
Q

Keratinocytes

A

-skin cells that fill epidermis
-as cells die, they fill with keratin (protein)

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9
Q

Stratum corneum

A

filled with keratin

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10
Q

Stratum granosium

A

has apostatis

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11
Q

Stratum Spinosium

A

contains langerhorn cells & melanocytes

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12
Q

Langerhorn cells

A

first line of defense from UV and help immune response

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13
Q

Lamelar granules

A

keep moisture in our skin

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14
Q

Merkel cells

A

touch receptors (pain, temp, itchy, tickling)

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15
Q

Apostasis

A

found in stratum granosium, programmed cell death

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16
Q

Moles

A

-benign= overgrowth of melanin
the ABC’s
-asymmetry= divided in 1/2 & it doesn’t look the same
-border= scalloped instead of even
-color= black, blue, red, brown w/ white dots
SIZE: over 6 mm in diameter

17
Q

Albinism

A

genetic condition, melanocytes shut down from producing melanin, risk of skin cancer

18
Q

Vitaligo

A

autoimmune disorder, melanocytes are destroyed from producing melanin

19
Q

What causes goosebumps?

A

arrector pili

20
Q

Intradermal injection

A

-administered directly into dermis
-slow absorption
ex. allergy, TB, botox

21
Q

Subcutaneous injection

A

-slow absorption
ex. measle in insulin

22
Q

Intramuscular injection

A

-quick absorption
-lots of blood vessels
ex. vaccines

23
Q

Intravenous injection (I.V)

A

-quickest absorption
ex. chemo, antibiotics, dehydration

24
Q

Nails are made of:

A

epidermal cells & 25 mg of biotin

25
Q

Pale nails

A

anemia, heart issues, kidney issues

26
Q

Where do cells divide?

A

in the matrix/stratum basale

27
Q

White nails

A

liver issues (hepatitis)

28
Q

Yellow nails

A

fungal infection, thyroid issues, diabetes

29
Q

Blue nails

A

lack of CO2, heart disease, lung disease

30
Q

Rippled nails

A

arthritis, psoriasis

31
Q

Dark line beneath nails

A

melanoma

32
Q

White spots

A

injury, sign of stress

33
Q

Baldness

A

-genetic
-inherited via x chromosome (mom)
-can be seen in women during menopause (hormonal)
-alopecia- attacks hair follicles (autoimmune)

34
Q

What are the three types of glands?

A
  1. sweat
  2. ceruminous
  3. sebaceous
35
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

-produces sebum
-protects hair from drying out

36
Q

Ceruminous glands

A

-found in ear
-secretes earwax (lipids)
-protects eardrum/inner ear from bacteria debris

37
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands?

A

eccrine & apocrine

38
Q

Eccrine

A

-activated at birth
-soles of feet/palms of hands
-regulate body temp. (dermis)

39
Q

Apocrine

A

-activated at puberty
-not used to regulate temp.