Integumentary system Flashcards
integument/o
covering
(hair,nails,skin)
cutane/o
skin
derm/o - dermat/o - dermis
skin
what is the overall largest organ ?
skin
Sub
under
Hypo
below
forms the outermost layer of the skin
Epidermis
thickest layer that forms the inner layer of skin
Dermis
- not a layer of the skin
- lies below the dermis and creates a connection between the skin and the structures that are below the skin, such as muscle or bone.
subcutaneous tissue
Functions of skin
- protection
- vitamin D
- senses
- control body temp
- eliminate waste
- Found in epidermis
- Hard protein material
- Makes skin waterproof
- Enhances the protective nature of the skin
Keratin
keratin is produced in the …
epidermis
Cells of the stratum germinativum that produce melanin.
Melanocytes
dark pigment of the skin , gives us our skin color.
Melanin
melanin is produced in the …
epidermis
what are the two terms found in the epidermis ?
keratin & melanin
Dermis Holds:
- Hair follicles
- Sweat glands (sudoriferous glands)
- Oil glands (sebaceous glands)
- nerves/vessles
- binds everything together and provides strength and cushioning to many parts of the body
- gives the skin its toughness and durability, flexible.
collagen
collagen is produced in the …
dermis
“Adipose Layer” (fat) tissue
- cushions and insulates and connected to muscles
Subcutaneous layer
- absorbs calcium for healthy bones and muscles
- helps prevent osteoporosis and cancer
- can lower your risk for depression
Vitamin D
- TB allergy testing
- 1 mL syringe
- 5/8in needle
- 25-27 gauge
- 10-15 degree angle
- create a wheal, bevel up
- 0.1 mL dose
Intradermal injection
what injection is used for TB test and allergy testing
Intradermal injection
The number of burn (1,2,3,4 degree of burns) represents what ?
the number of skin layers involved
superficial burn
First-degree
partial thickness burn
- burn degree where first and second layers of skin are affected
Second-degree
full thickness burn
- burn degree that damages epidermis, dermis,
and subcutaneous tissue
Third-degree
deep full thickness burn
- burn degree beyond subcutaneous tissue
into the muscle and bone
Fourth-degree
a method that measures the extensive burns of the body and divides the body into percentages
The rule of nines
forms the inner layer
Dermis
Type of scar that is an overgrowth of tissue at the site of injury
Keloid
Furuncle
skin infection in a gland or hair follicle and characterized by pain, redness, and swelling
(Eczema)
- a group of conditions that will make skin irritated, inflamed, red, and itchy
Atopic Dermatitis
decrease in size and weight of an organ or a tissue
Atrophy
Carbuncle
skin infection in a gland or hair follicle and creates tunnels under the skin to spread
Cicatrix
a scar
melan/o
dark
Cover and protect the dorsal surfaces of the distal bones of fingers and toes
Nails
a small fold of skin at the base of the nail
Cuticle
a skin infection that occurs around the nails
Paronychia
Lipoma
Fatty tumor that is a soft, movable, subcutaneous nodule
Complete lack of melanin production by existing melanocytes, resulting in pale skin, white hair, and pink iris of the eye
Albinism
Acrochordon
skin tags
Tinea capitis
ring worm of the scalp
Tinea pedis
ring worm of the foot, (athlete’s foot)
Ring worm
a fungal infection
Removal and examination of living tissue from the body for diagnostic purposes
Biopsy
Scraping or shaving off samples of friable lesions for a laboratory examination
Exfoliation
Harvest of skin from another human donor for temporary transplant until an autograft is available
- also called a homograft
Allograft
Rhytidectomy
Surgical operation to remove wrinkles
- commonly known as a “face-lift”
Scabies
(bed bugs) itch mites, little bugs that cause itching
Necrosis
tissue death
Topical drug
drug that goes on the top of the skin
kerat/o
hard, horny
- Flu & Tetanus
- 3ml syringe
- deltoid muscle, ventrogluteal, & vastus lateralis
- 1inch needle at least
- 90 degree angle
IM , intramuscular injection
most common skin cancer that spreads quickly and most frequently appears on sun-exposed areas
* A waxy, scar like lesion
Basal cell carcinoma
sebaceous glands
oil glands
sudoriferous glands
sweat glands.
- regulates body temp
Alopecia
Hair loss
Candidiasis
Yeast infection in moist, creased areas of the skin and mucous membranes
- also called moniliasis
Erythema
redness
non sexual, viral infection characterized by clusters of small vesicles filled with clear fluid on raised inflammatory bases on the skin or mucosa
Herpes simplex virus
(HS1)
Fissure
Crack Like lesion of the skin
nevus
mole
bed sores
- injuries to the skin and underlying tissue from prolonged pressure to the skin
decubitus ulcer
Verruca
a wart
a viral infection that causes a painful, burning rash.
shingles
a chronic non contagious inflammation of the skin causes itchy, dry, scaly, usually in pressure areas, weeping
eczema
Pruritus
itching
Melanoma
the most aggressive skin cancer, a mole that turns malignant
sebum
oil
erythr/o
red
ABCDE’s of melanoma
Asymmetry
Borders
Colors
Diameter
Evolving
(ABCD’s of melanoma)
Asymmetry:
one area of the mole is changing
(ABCD’s of melanoma)
Borders:
moles are becoming irregular
(ABCD’s of melanoma)
Colors:
changes or uneven pigmentation
(ABCD’s of melanoma)
Diameter:
increasing size, more than 6 mm or one-fourth of an inch
(ABCD’s of melanoma)
Evolving:
changing
size of the hole in the needle
- the bigger the #, the smaller the needle
gauge
Cauterization
destroying tissue by heat
Cryosurgery
destroying tissue by cold
What is another term for the Subcutaneous layer ?
Hypodermis
A(n) _____________ is a specialist involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders of the integumentary system?
dermatologist
The ___________ is the top layer of the skin and is composed of several different strata of epithelial tissue.
epidermis
The sebaceous gland is a type of exocrine gland that secretes an oily, acidic substance called:
sebum
A hemorrhage or leaking of blood into the subcutaneous tissue resulting in a bruise is called:
ecchymosis
The repeated removal and microscopic examination of layers of a tumor until no cancerous cells are present is called:
Mohs surgery.
The American Burn Association defines a severe burn as a burn that affects ____% of the total body surface area or any burn involving the eyes, ears, face, hands, feet, or groin.
25
An autoimmune disease that is characterized by the chronic hardening and contraction of the skin, connective tissue, and even internal organs is called:
scleroderma
