Integumentary System

Question 1

Dermatology

Answer 1

The branch of medicine specializing in the care and treatment of the skin

Question 2

The Epidermis

Answer 2

A keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

The inegumentary system

Answer 3

The skin, hair, nails and their associated glands

Question 4

The Skin (Integument)

Answer 4

The body’s largest and heaviest organ

Question 5

What are Keratinocytes

Answer 5

Keratinocytes are the great majority of epidermal cells. They are named for their role in synthesizing keratin. In ordinary histology, nearly all visible cells are keratinocytes

Question 6

Stem Cells

Answer 6

Undifferentiated Cells that Divide and give rise to the keratinocytes. Found in the deepest layer of the epidermis called the stratum Basale

Question 7

Melanocytes

Answer 7

Occur in the stratum basale amid the stems cells and deepest keratinocytes. They synthesize varieties of the pigment melanin. They have branching processes that spread amongh the keratinocytes and continually shed melanin-containing fragments (malanosomes) from their tips. The keratinocytes phagocytize these and gather the melanin granules on the sunny side of their nucleus. Shielding DNA from ultraviolet rays.

Question 8

Tactile Cells

Answer 8

Relatively few in number; are receptors for touch. Found in the basal layer of the epidermis and are associated with an underlying dermal nerve fiber. The tactile cell and its nerve fiber are collectively called a tactile disk.

Question 9

Dendritic Cells

Answer 9

Found in two layers of the epidermis called the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. They are immune cells that originate in the bone marrow but migrate to the epidermis and epithelia of the oral cavity, esophagus and vagina. They alert the immune system

Question 10

Stratum corneum

Answer 10

Consists of up to 30 layers of dead, scaly, keratinized cells that form a durable surface layer. Especially resistant to abrasion, penetration and water loss.

Question 11

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 11

A think zone superficial to the stratum granulosum, seen only in thick skin. Here the keratinocytes are densely packed with a a clear proteins named eleidin. The cells have non nuclei or other organelles.

Question 12

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 12

Consists of three to five layers of keratinocytes - more in thick skin than in thin skin. Contains coarse, dark staining keratohyalin granules

Question 13

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 13

consists OF SEVERAL LAYERS OF KERATINOCYTES. iN MOST PLACES THIS IS THE THICKEST STRATUM, BUT ON THE PALMS AND SOLES IT Is usually exceeded by the stratum corneum. The deepest cells of this layer continue dividing, but as they are pushed upward they cease. Instead they produced more keratif filaments which cause the cells to flatten. Dentritic cells are also found in this stratum.

Question 14

Stratum Basale

Answer 14

Consists mainly of a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar keratinocytes resting on the basement membrane. Scattered among these are the melanocytes, tactile cells and stem cells. As stem cells divide, they give rise to keratinocytes that migrate toward the surface and replace lost epidermal cells.

Question 15

Functions of the Skin (6.1A)

Answer 15

1)Resistance to Trauma and infection
2) Other Barrier Functions
3) Vitamin D Synthesis
4) Sensation
5) Thermoregulation
6) Nonverbal Communication

Question 16

Keratinized

Answer 16

A Keratinized epithelium, found in the epidermis is covered with at layer of dead compressed cells. These cells, called keratinocytes are packed with the durable protein keratin and coated with at water repellent glycolipid