Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
Epidermis
A
Superficial layer of skin
2
Q
Cutaneous
A
Pertaining to the skin
3
Q
Derma
A
Skin
4
Q
Dermis
A
Layer of skin between epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, the true skin or corium
5
Q
Hair
A
Thread-like keratinized outgrowth from the skin
6
Q
Hair Follicle
A
The sheath in which a hair develops
7
Q
Keratin
A
A protein that thickens and toughens the skin and makes up hair and nails
8
Q
Melanin
A
A dark pigment that gives color to the hair and skin and protects the skin against the sun’s radiation
9
Q
Nail
A
A plate like keratinized outgrowth of the skin that covers the dorsal surface of the terminal phalanges
10
Q
Sebaceous gland
A
A skin gland that produces sebum, usually associated with a hair follicle
11
Q
Sebum
A
A fatty secretion of the sebaceous glands that lubricates the hair and skin
12
Q
Skin
A
The tissue that covers the body; the integument
13
Q
Subcutaneous layer
A
The layer of tissue beneath the skin, also called the hypodermis
14
Q
Sweat gland
A
A gland that releases a watery fluid (perspiration) to the skin surface in order to cool the body. Certain sweat glands (mainly the armpits and groin) release secreations with some cellular material in response to stress. A sudoriferous gland.
15
Q
Bulla
A
Raised, fluid filled lesion larger than a vesicle.
16
Q
Fissure
A
Crack or break in the skin
17
Q
Macule
A
Flat, colored spot less than 1cm in size. (Larger spot is called a patch)
18
Q
Nodule
A
Solid, raised lesion larger than a papule; often indictive of a systemic disease.
19
Q
Papule
A
Firm, circular raised surface lesion less than 1cm in size such as a pimple
20
Q
Plaque
A
Superficial, flat, or slightly raised differentiated patch more than 1 cm in diameter
21
Q
Pustule
A
Raised pus-filled lesion; often a hair follicle or sweat pore
22
Q
Ulcer
A
Lesion resulting from destruction of the skin and perhaps subcutaneous tissue
23
Q
Vesicle
A
Fluid-filled, raised lesion less than 5mm in size; a blister or bleb
24
Q
Wheal
A
Smooth, rounded, slightly raised area often associated with itching; seen in urticaria (hives) such as that resulting from an allergy
25
Atopic dermatitis
Heredity, allergic, chronic skin inflamation with pruritus (itching); eczema
26
Basal cell carcinoma
An epithelial tumor that rarely metastasizes and has a high cure rate with surgical removal
27
Cicatrization
The process of scar formation; a scar is a cicatrix
28
Debridement
Removal of dead or damaged tissue, as from a wound
29
Dehiscence
Splitting or bursting, as when the layers of a wound separate
30
Dermatitis
Inflamation of the skin, often associated with reness and itching; may be caused by allergy, irritation (contact dermatitis), or a variety of diseases
31
Dermatology
Study of the skin and diseases of the skin
32
Dermatome
Instrument for cutting thin skin sections for grafting
33
Eczema
A general term for skin inflamation with redness, lesions, and itching; atopic dermatitis
34
Erythema
Diffuse redness of the skin
35
Eschartomy
Removal of scab tissue resulting from burns or other skin injuries, a scab or crust is an eschar
36
Evisceration
Protrusion of internal organs (viscera) through an opening, as through a wound
37
Exudate
Material, which may include fluid, cells, pus, or blood, that escapes from damaged tissue.
38
Kaposi Sarcoma
Cancerous lesion of the skin and other tissues seen most often in patients with AIDS
39
Keloid
A raised thickened scar caused by tissue overgrowth during scar formation
40
Lupus erythematosus (LE)
A chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of connective tissue that often involves the skin; types include the more widespread systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a discoid form (DLE) that involves only the skin
41
Melanoma
A metastasizing pigmented skin tumor that arises from melanocytes; malignant melanoma
42
Pemphigus
An autoimmune disease of the skin characterized by sudden, intermittent formation of bullae (blisters); may be fatal if left untreated
43
Pressure Ulcer
An ulcer caused by pressure to an area of the body, as from a bed or chair; decubitus ulcer, bedsore, pressure sore
44
Pruritus
Severe itching
45
Psoriasis
A chronic hereditary dermatitis with red lesions covered by silvery scales
46
Rule of nines
A method for estimating the extent of body surface area involved in a burn by assigning percentages in multiples of nine to various body regions
47
Scleroderma
A chronic disease that is charicterized by thickening anf tightening of the skin that often involves internal organs in a form called progressive systemic Sclerosis (PSS)
48
Squamous cell carcinoma
An epidermal cancer that may invade deeper tissue but tends not to metastasize
49
Acne
An inflamatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles usually associated with exess sebum secretion; acne vulgaris
50
Actinic
Pertaining to the effects of radiant energy, such ad sunlight, ultraviolet light, and x-rays
51
Albinism
A hereditary lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
52
Alopecia
Absence or loss of hair; baldness
53
Beau Lines
White lines across the fingernails; usually a sign of systemic disease or injury
54
Bromhidrosis
Sweat that has a foul odor because of bacterial decomposition; also called bromidrosis
55
Carbuncle
A localized infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, usually caused by staphylococcus, and associated with pain and discharge of pus.
56
Comedo
A plug of sebum, often containing bacterial, in a hair follicle; a blackhead
57
Dermatophytosis
Fungal infection of the skin, especially between the toes; athlete's foot
58
Diaphoresis
Profuse sweating
59
Dyskeratosis
Any abnormality in keratin formation in epithelial cells
60
Ecchymosis
A collection of blood under the skin caused by leakage from small vessels
61
Erysipelas
An acute infectious skin disease woth localized redness and swelling and systemic symptoms
62
Erythema nodosum
Inflammation of subcutaneous tissue resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug
63
Exanthema
Any cutaneous eruption that accompanies a disease, such as measles; a rash
64
Excoriation
Lesion caused by scratching or abrasion
65
Folliculitis
Inflamation of a hair follicle
66
Furuncle
A painful skin nodule caused by staphylococci that enter through a hair follicle; a boil
67
Hemangioma
A benign tumor of blood vessels; in the skin, called birthmarks or port wine stains
68
Herpes simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus; type one produces fluid filled vesicles, usually on thr lips, after fever, sun exposure, injurt, or stress, also called cold sore or fever blister; type two infections usually involve the genital organs.
69
Hirsutism
Excessive growth of hair
70
Ichthyosis
A dry scaly condition of the skin
71
Impetigo
Bacterial skin infection with pustules that rupture and form crusts, most commonly seen in children, usually on the face
72
Keratosis
Any skin condition marked by thickened or horny growth
73
Lichenification
Thickened marks caused by chronic rubbing, as seen in atopic dermatitis
74
Mycosis Fungoides
A rare malignant disease that originates in the skin and involves the internal organs and lymph nodes; there are large, painful, ulcerating tumors.
75
Nevus
A defined discoloration of the skin; a congenital vascular skin tumor, a mole, a birthmark
76
Paronychia
Infection around a nail caused by bacteriall or fungi; may effect multiple nails
77
Pediculosis
Infestation with lice
78
Petechiae
Flat pinpoint purplish-red spots caused by bleeding within the skin or mucous membrane
79
Photosensitization
Sensitization of the skin to light, usually from the action of drugs, plant products, or other substances
80
Purpura
A condition characterized by hemorrhages into the skin and other tissues
81
Rosacea
A condition of unknown cause involving redness of the skin, pustules, and overactivity of sebaceous glands, mainly on the face
82
Scabies
A highly contagious skin disease causwd by a mite
83
Senile lentigines
Brown macules that appear on sun exposed skin in adults, liver spots
84
Shingles
An acute eruption of vesicles along the path of a nerve; herpes zoster; caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox
85
Tinea
A fungal skin infection; ringworm
86
Tinea versicolor
Superficial chronic fungal infection that causes varied skin pigmentation
87
Urticaria
A skin reaction marked by temporary smooth raised areas (wheals) associated with itching; hives
88
Venous stasis ulcer
Ulcer caused by a venous insufficiency and stasis of venous blood; usually forms near the ankle
89
Verruca
S small, usually benign epidermal tumor caused by human papilloma virus (HPV); a wart
90
Vitiligo
Patchy disappearance of pigment in the skin; leukoderma
91
Xeroderma pigmentosum
A fatal hereditary disease that begins in childhood with skin discolorations and ulcers and muscle atrophy; there is increased sensitivity to the sun and increased susceptibility to cancer
92
Aloe
A gel from the leaves of the aloe vera plant that is used in treatment of burns and minor skin irritations
93
Antipruritic
Agent that prevents or relieves itching
94
Cautery
Destruction of tissue by physical or chemical means; cauterization; also the instrument or chemical used for this purpose
95
Dermabrasion
A plastic surgical procedure for removing scars or birthmarks by chemical or mechanical destruction of epidermal tissue
96
Dermatoplasty
Transplantation of human skin; skin grafting
97
Diascopy
Examination of skin leasions by pressing a glass plate against the skin
98
Fulguration
Destruction of tissue by high frequency electric sparks
99
Skin turgor
Resistance or the skin to deformation; evidenced by the ability of the skin to return to position when pinched; is the measure of skin elasticiry and stage of hydration; typically declines with age and can be a sign of poor nutrition.
100
Wood lamp
An Ultraviolet light used to diagnose fungal infections
101
ABCDE
Asymmetry, uneven borders, different colors, diameter of more than 6 mm, and evolution (change)
102
BSA
Body surface area
103
DLE
Discoid lupus erythematosus
104
PSS
Progressive systemic sclerosis
105
PUVA
Psoralen Ultraviolet A
106
SCLE
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
107
SLE
Systemic lupus erythematosus
108
SPF
Sun Protection Factor
109
STSG
Split thickness skin graft
110
UV
Ultraviolet
111
UVA
Ultraviolet A
112
UVB
Ultraviolet B
113
VAC
Vacuum-Assisted Closure
