integumentary system

Question 1

what is skin?

Answer 1

the largest organ OF the body

Question 2

thickness of skin

Answer 2

0.5 in thin skin
4.0 in thick skin

Question 3

What is skin composed of?

Answer 3

epidermis and dermis

Question 4

What tissue is the skin made of?

Answer 4

areolar CT and dense irregular tissue

Question 5

accessory skin structures

Answer 5

suderiferous glands, sebaceous glands, hair/hair follicles, nails

Question 6

Stratas in the epidermis

Answer 6

Stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 7

Stratum Basale

Answer 7

single layer, contains keratinocytes (cuboidal), melanocytes (contains melanin), and merkel cells (connects to nerve endings

Question 8

Keratinocytes

Answer 8

these cells are highly mitotic meaning that they constantly replicate

Question 9

melanocytes

Answer 9

contains granules that contain melanin and these cells protect the body from UV radiation and mutation that could occur in transcription

Question 10

merkel cells

Answer 10

merkel dics=touch receptors

Question 11

Stratum spinosum

Answer 11

several layers that are connected by dessmosomes (anchoring junctions), tonofilaments, epidermal dendritic cells

Question 12

desmosomes

Answer 12

these cells reduce stress placed on cells/tssues so no separation

Question 13

tonofilaments

Answer 13

these act as itnermediate filaments in the body, and resist the tension placed on the skin

Question 14

epidermal dendritic cells

Answer 14

these cells act as macrophages to engulf/digest pathogens (not in epidermis)

Question 15

stratum granulosum

Answer 15

s3 to 5 layers, composed of two granules(lamellated and keratohyaline granules)

Question 16

Lamellated granules

Answer 16

contains glycolipids, whcih are lipids that mkae the epidermis waterproof

Question 17

Kerataohyaline granules

Answer 17

makes tough and soluable protein keratin

Question 18

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 18

thin and translucent layer of dead cells, thickens epidermis, and is present in thick skin(soles,palms)

Question 19

Stratum Corneum

Answer 19

superficial layer that contains 20-30 dead flat cellls taht are repalces every 3-4 weeks

Question 20

Cornification

Answer 20

occurs in stratis corneum, when deadcells are impregnated w/ glycolipid and keratin to provide a tough waterproof durable coat

Question 21

Dermis

Answer 21

cosists of the papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 22

Papillary layer

Answer 22

this is composed of areolar CT (highly vascularized), contains dermal papillae

Question 23

Demal papillae

Answer 23

peg-llike projections on surface, houses blood papillaries, nerve endings, meissners corpuscles(touch receptors)