Integumentary system

Question 1

Integumentary System main organs

Answer 1

hair, skin, nails, and exocrine glands

Question 2

Function #1 protection

Answer 2

protect the inside of the body from elements in the environment

Question 3

Function #2 sensory

Answer 3

skin uses nerves to detect tough, surface temp, and pain

Question 4

Function #3 thermoregulation

Answer 4

ability of an organism to keep its body temp within certain boundaries

Question 5

Function #4 vitamin D synthesis

Answer 5

epidermal layer synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation

Question 6

Skin

Answer 6

forms a protective barrier on the outside of the body against pathogens and injuries from the environment

Question 7

Epidermis

Answer 7

thin outer layer of the skin

Question 8

Dermis

Answer 8

has connective tissue, blood vessels, oil and sweat glands, nerves, hair, etc

Question 9

Hypodermis

Answer 9

thickest layer of skin

Question 10

Keratin

Answer 10

type of protein that helps form the tissues of the hair, nails, and outer layer of the skin

Question 11

Keratinocyte

Answer 11

cell of the epidermis that produces keratin

Question 12

Stratum basale

Answer 12

deepest epidermal layer

Question 13

Stratum spinosum

Answer 13

spiny due to cell processes that join cells via desmosome

Question 14

stratum granulosum

Answer 14

grainy appearance due to further chances to keratinocytes

Question 15

stratum lucidum

Answer 15

smooth, seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis

Question 16

stratum corneum

Answer 16

most superficial layer of epidermis and is the layer exposed to the outside environment

Question 17

5 layers of epidermis

Answer 17

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

Question 18

melanoma

Answer 18

skin cancer that develops when melanocytes grow out of control

Question 19

eczema

Answer 19

skin condition where skin becomes itchy, bumpy, or red

Question 20

acne

Answer 20

clogged hair follicles by oil or dead skin cells

Question 21

1st degree burns

Answer 21

burn on the epidermis skin layer that turns red and is painful

Question 22

2nd degree burns

Answer 22

burns the epidermis and dermis and blisters and is red

Question 23

3rd degree burns

Answer 23

destroy epidermis and dermis and potentially damage underlying muscles, bones, and tendons

Question 24

4th degree burns

Answer 24

go through epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissue and kills nerves

Question 25

stretch marks

Answer 25

streak lines on the body from skin stretching

Question 26

callus and corns

Answer 26

thick/hardened layers of skin that develop when skin tries to protect itself from friction or pressure

Question 27

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 27

combination of sun exposure and genetics

Question 28

thick skin

Answer 28

thicker due to extra epidermis layer called stratum lucidum

Question 29

thin skin

Answer 29

skin covering body minus hands and feet

Question 30

hair

Answer 30

threadlike outgrowth of the outer layer of the skin

Question 31

hair follicle

Answer 31

shaft/opening on the skin surface where hair grows

Question 32

hair shaft

Answer 32

part of hair projecting beyond the surface of the skin

Question 33

hair root

Answer 33

part of hair in the skin that goes down to deeper skin layers

Question 34

free edge (nail)

Answer 34

part of the nail that extends past flesh or toe or finger

Question 35

lunula

Answer 35

visible portion of distal nail matrix that extends beyond the proximal nail fold

Question 36

eponychium (cuticle)

Answer 36

thickened layer of epidermal tissue over developing fetal fingernail or toenail that disappears before birth except over nail base

Question 37

nail root (germinal matrix)

Answer 37

nail below the skin that produces volume of the nail/nail bed

Question 38

pores

Answer 38

tiny opening in the skin where sweat or sebaceous secretion pass to the surface

Question 39

apocrine sweat glands

Answer 39

secrete a fatty sweat into the gland tubule

Question 40

eccrine sweat glands

Answer 40

produce sweat that reach the surface through coiled ducts

Question 41

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 41

type of skin cancer that often invades surrounding tissue and seldom metastasizes