integumentary system

Question 1

what layers make up the skin?

Answer 1

1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Subcutaneous layer

Question 2

what is the epidermis?

Answer 2

Waterproof, outer layer that keeps out pathogens. elastic and gives skin colour

Question 3

what is this Dermis?

Answer 3

Middle layer which contains hair follicles, nerves, blood vessels and glands to help regulate body temp

Question 4

what is the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 4

made of connective tissue and has a high amount of fat, providing insulation and shape

Question 5

what glands does the skin have?

Answer 5

sudoriferous, sebaceous and ceruminois glands

Question 6

what do sudoriferous glands do?

Answer 6

secrete sweat

Question 7

what do sebaceous glands do?

Answer 7

secrete sebum which keeps hair and skin lubricated

Question 8

what do ceruminous glands do?

Answer 8

secrete ear wax

Question 9

what is downy hair?

Answer 9

dense, fine, soft hairs which lie close to the skin making up the undercoat. good for insulation

Question 10

what is guard hair?

Answer 10

coarse, thick, longer hairs that make up the top coat. help prevent injuries and influences animals appearance

Question 11

hair structure?

Answer 11

hair is made of keratin. downy and guard hairs grow from same follicle. each guard hair surrounded by 6-12 downy hairs.

Question 12

what are nails made from?

Answer 12

a nail matrix forms on top of the dermis. root of the nail grows from a thick layer of matrix

Question 13

what are claws and hooves made from?

Answer 13

a section of the dermis that is covered in a layer of keratinised epithelium

Question 14

what are hollow horns made of?

Answer 14

a cone of keratin which surrounds a mass of bone

Question 15

what are rhino horns made of?

Answer 15

keratinised cells without a core of bone

Question 16

what are antlers made of?

Answer 16

bone. young antlers covered in velvety skin that rubs of with time. bone turns into compact bone as they mature

Question 17

what are contour feathers?

Answer 17

give bird shape and colour, help insulate

Question 18

what are down feathers?

Answer 18

help insulate bird

Question 19

what are semiplume feathers?

Answer 19

found under contour feathers, used for insulation

Question 20

what are flight feathers?

Answer 20

found in wings and tail, give strength for flight

Question 21

what are bristle feathers?

Answer 21

found around eyes and mouth, protect eyes and funnel food into mouth

Question 22

what are filoplume feathers?

Answer 22

small and attached to nerve endings, send info to brain about feather alignment