Integumentary Pathologies

Question 1

Cellulitis

Answer 1

Inflammation that occurs due to a bacterial infection of the skin and connective tissues.
S&S: localized redness, warmth, TTP, fever, chills, and abscess
Treatment: antibiotics

Question 2

Contact Dermatitis

Answer 2

Superficial irritation of the skin from exposure from mechanical, chemical, environmental, or biological agents like; poison ivy, latex, jewelry, and soaps.
S&S: intense itching, burning, and red skin
Treatment: removing source and topical steroid

Question 3

Eczema

Answer 3

AKA dermatitis, group of disorders that causes chronic skin inflammation typically due to immune system dysfunction.
S&S: itchiness, red or brown skin
Treatment: topical or oral steroids

Question 4

Gangrene (Dry)

Answer 4

Loss of vascular supply resulting in local tissue death. Occurs commonly with blood vessel diseases like diabetes, or atherosclerosis.
S&S: dark brown or black nonviable tissue. Cold or numb skin
Treatment: depending on severity, amputation is required

Question 5

Gangrene (Wet)

Answer 5

If there is a bacterial infection also within the affected tissue. Can develop from a complication of an infected untreated wound. Can occur after severe burns, frostbite, or injury.
S&S: swelling and pain, change in skin color, fever
Treatment: Surgical debridement and antibiotic treatment

Question 6

Onychomycosis

Answer 6

A fungal infection that primarily affects toenails and nailbeds.
S&S: yellow or brown nail coloring, hyperkeratosis or hypertrophy of the nail
Treatment: topical antifungal meds

Question 7

Psoriasis - Plaque

Answer 7

Chronic autoimmune disease of the skin. Skin cells accumulate raised red patches. Can be genetic or cause from excess sunlight, stress, alcohol, HIV, smoking, and certain meds
S&S: red raised blotches in a bilateral fashion, pain, itching, and secondary skin infections
Treatment: topical and systemic medications

Question 8

Tinea Pedis

Answer 8

AKA athletes foot, a superficial fungal infection which causes epidermal thickening and scaly skin. Can occur from wearing closed toed shoes for long duration of time.
S&S: itching, redness, peeling skin, odor, and pain
Treatment: topical or oral antibiotics.