Integumentary and Cardiovascular

Question 1

Turgor

Answer 1

1. Normal tension in a cell. 2. Distention, swelling

Question 2

Tenting

Answer 2

Elevation, elongation or deformation of a tissue or an organ

Question 3

Pallor

Answer 3

Lack of color, paleness

Question 4

Pruritus

Answer 4

A tingling or faintly burning skin sensation that prompts a person to rub or scratch; an itch.

Question 5

Petechiae

Answer 5

1. Small, purplish, hemorrhagic spots on the skin that appear in patients with platelet deficiencies and in many febrile illness. 2. Red spots from the bite of a flea

Question 6

Papule

Answer 6

A small bump or pimple, typically larger than a grain of salt but smaller than a peppercorn, that rises above the surface of the neighboring skin

Question 7

Tumor

Answer 7

An abnormal mass. Growth or proliferation that is independent of neighboring tissues is a hallmark of all tumors, can be benign or malignant

Question 8

Pustule

Answer 8

A small elevated skin lesion filled with white blood cells and, sometimes, bacteria or the products of broken-down cells. (e.g. - Herpes simplex or varicella-zoster viruses, and pustular psoriasis

Question 9

Purpura

Answer 9

Any rash in which blood cells leak into the skin or mucous membranes, usually at multiple sites.

Question 10

Jaundice

Answer 10

Yellow staining of body tissues and fluids, due to excessive levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream.

Question 11

Cyanosis

Answer 11

A blue, gray, slate, or dark purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes caused by deoxygenated or reduced hemoglobin in the blood.

Question 12

Erythema

Answer 12

Reddening of the skin. It is caused by dilation of superficial blood vessels in the skin. Common but nonspecific sign of skin irritation, injury or inflammation

Question 13

Ecchymosis

Answer 13

a bruise, Superficial bleeding under the skin or mucous membrane

Question 14

Hematoma

Answer 14

A swelling comprising a mass of extravasated blood confined to an organ, tissue, or space and caused by a break in a blood vessel.

Question 15

Nevi

Answer 15

A congenital discoloration of a circumscribed area of the skin due to pigmentation. Birthmark, Mole

Question 16

Keloid

Answer 16

an exuberant scar that forms at the site of an injury or incision and spreads beyond the borders of the original lesion

Question 17

Alopecia

Answer 17

Absence or loss of hair, esp of the head

Question 18

Vitiligo

Answer 18

A skin disorder characterized by the localized loss of melanocytes , with patchy loss of skin pigment

Question 19

Macule

Answer 19

A flat spot on the skin whose color may be lighter or darker than the surrounding skin

Question 20

Nodule

Answer 20

A small node. A small cluster of cells

Question 21

Wheal

Answer 21

A more or less round and temporary elevation of the skin, white in the center with a pale-red periphery, accompanied by itching

Question 22

Vesicle

Answer 22

A small blister-like elevation on the skin containing serious fluid

Question 23

Ulcer

Answer 23

An open sore that forms on an epithelial surface, or lining of the gastrointestinal tract, marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissue

Question 24

Urticaria

Answer 24

an allergic reaction marked by multiple discrete swellings on the skin that are intensely itchy and last up to 24 hours. (hives)

Question 25

Bullae

Answer 25

A large blister or skin vesicle filled with fluid

Question 26

Edema

Answer 26

(swelling) A local or generalized condition in which body tissues contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid in the interstitial space

Question 27

Clubbing

Answer 27

An enlarged terminal phalanx of the finger.

Question 28

Lichenification

Answer 28

Cutaneous thickening and hardening from continued irritation. The changing of an eruption into one resembling a lichen

Question 29

Hirsutism

Answer 29

Excessive growth of hair or the presence of hair in unusual places, esp. in women and children before the age of puberty

Question 30

Systole

Answer 30

Contraction of the chambers of the heart. The myocardial fibers shorten, making the chamber smaller and forcing blood out

Question 31

Diastole

Answer 31

The period of cardiac muscle relaxation, alternating in the cardiac cycle with systole or contraction. During diastole, the cardiac muscle fibers lengthen and the chambers fill with blood

Question 32

Cardiac regions

Answer 32

Aortic
Pulmonic
Erb’s point
Tricuspid
Mitral

Question 33

Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)

Answer 33

A sinus rhythm is any cardiac rhythm in which depolarization of the cardiac muscle begins at the sinus node. It is characterized by the presence of correctly oriented P waves on the electrocardiogram. Sinus rhythm is necessary, but not sufficient, for normal electrical activity within the heart. between 60 and 100 beats per minute

Question 34

Telemetry

Answer 34

The transmission of data electronically to a distant location

Question 35

Heart Base

Answer 35

the portion of the heart opposite the apex. It is superior and medially located. It forms the upper border of the heart, lies just below the second rib, and primarily involves the left atrium, part of the right atrium, and the proximal portions of the great vessels

Question 36

Heart Apex

Answer 36

The apex of the heart, consisting of the left ventricle, is responsible for regulating ventricular contraction and sending and receiving information signals from the heart’s atrial nodes

Question 37

Intermittent claudication

Answer 37

a symptom that describes muscle pain on mild exertion (ache, cramp, numbness or sense of fatigue), classically in the calf muscle, which occurs during exercise, such as walking, and is relieved by a short period of rest.

Question 38

Ischemia

Answer 38

A temporary deficiency of blood flow to an organ or tissue

Question 39

Angina

Answer 39

An oppressive pain or pressure in the chest caused by inadequate blood flow and oxygenation of the heart muscle. It is usually due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.

Question 40

Murmur

Answer 40

An abnormal sound or extra beat heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels

Question 41

Thrill

Answer 41

An abnormal vibration that is felt on the skin overlying a loud cardiac murmur or an arteriovenous fistula

Question 42

Bruit

Answer 42

An abnormal sound made when blood rushes through a partly blocked blood vessel.

Question 43

Pitting edema

Answer 43

occurs when fluid that accumulates in tissues leads to swelling

Question 44

Peripheral Pulses

Answer 44

Temporal
Dorsalis pedis
Posterior tibial
Popliteal
Femoral
Carotid
Radial
Brachial

Question 45

Lymphedema

Answer 45

is a condition that causes either one or both legs to swell due to the body’s inability to properly drain lymph fluid, and it usually occurs in an arm or leg

Question 46

Lymphadenopathy

Answer 46

or adenopathy is disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency

Question 47

Stasis ulcers

Answer 47

is an ulcer (a crater) that develops in an area in which the circulation is sluggish and the venous return (the return of venous blood toward the heart) is poor. A common location for stasis ulcers is on the ankle.

Question 48

Varicosities

Answer 48

are varicose veins that have developed in your vulva

Question 49

Homan’s sign

Answer 49

in the position dorsiflexion sign is considered a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Question 50

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Answer 50

a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body. Most deep vein clots occur in the lower leg or thigh. If the vein swells, the condition is called thrombophlebitis. A deep vein thrombosis can break loose and cause a serious problem in the lung, called a pulmonary embolism

Question 51

Point of Maximum Impulse (PMI)/Apical impulse

Answer 51

known as PMI, is the location at which the cardiac impulse can be best palpated on the chest wall. Frequently, this is at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line. When dilated cardiomyopathy is present, this can be shifted laterally.