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Histology > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

Dermis develops from the underlying __________.

A) Ectoderm
B) Mesenchyme
C) Endoderm

A

B) Mesenchyme

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2
Q

Initially, it originated from ectodermal cells.

A) epidermis
B) dermis
C) hypodermis

A

A) epidermis

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3
Q

Epidermis develops from surface ________.

A) mesoderm
B) ectoderm
C) endoderm

A

B) ectoderm

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4
Q

Constant supply of new keratinocytes

A) Stratum Basale
B) Stratum spinosum
C) Stratum Granulosum
D) Stratum Lucidum

A

A) Stratum Basale

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5
Q

Cells are cuboidal or low columnar in a single layer.

A) Stratum Basale
B) Stratum spinosum
C) Stratum Granulosum
D) Stratum Lucidum

A

A) Stratum Basale

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6
Q

Large, cuboidal to polygonal, some flattened cells

A) Stratum Basale
B) Stratum spinosum
C) Stratum Granulosum
D) Stratum Lucidum

A

B) Stratum spinosum

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7
Q

2-3 rows of flattened cells.

A) S. Basale
B) S. Granulosum
C) S. Spinosum
D) S. lucidum

A

B) S. Granulosum

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8
Q

Cytoplasm filled with numerous “keratohyalin”, coarse basophilic granules.

A) S. Basale
B) S. Granulosum
C) S. Spinosum
D) S. lucidum

A

B) S. Granulosum

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9
Q

Numerous cytoplasmic prickles bound by desmosomes to adjacent cells

A) S. Basale
B) S. Granulosum
C) S. Spinosum
D) S. lucidum

A

C) S. Spinosum

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10
Q

Cytokeratin (synthetic fibrillar protein) aggregates to form tonofibrils (intracellular fibrils)

A) S. Basale
B) S. Granulosum
C) S. Spinosum
D) S. lucidum

A

C) S. Spinosum

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11
Q

Germinal layer and mitotic figures

A) S. Basale
B) S. Granulosum
C) S. Spinosum
D) S. lucidum

A

A) S. Basale

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12
Q

The cells in the stratum basale is bounded by

A) fascia adherens
B) desmosomes
C) hemidesmosomes
D) nexus

A

C) hemidesmosomes

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13
Q

The tonofibrils in the stratum spinosum converge to _________

A

Desmosomes

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14
Q

The cytoplasm of stratum granulosum is filled with numerous coarse basophilic granules called ________

A

Keratohyaline

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15
Q

Few layers of compacted highly refractile eosinophilic cells.

A) S. Basale
B) S. Lucidum
C) S. Granulosum
D) S. Corneum

A

B) S. Lucidum

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16
Q

It consists of dead and dying cells as well as flat and cornified cells

A) S. Basale
B) S. Lucidum
C) S. Granulosum
D) S. Corneum

A

D) S. Corneum

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17
Q

Desmosomes are still seen.

A) S. Basale
B) S. Lucidum
C) S. Granulosum
D) S. Corneum

A

B) S. Lucidum

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18
Q

Deeper layers contain cornified cells with desmosomal junctions, orderly pattern of intracellular keratin

A) S. Basale
B) S. Lucidum
C) S. Granulosum
D) S. Corneum

A

C) S. Granulosum

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19
Q

This layer of epidermis has wavy clear strip. It also have non-evident organelles & nuclei.

A

Stratum Lucidum

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20
Q

The cytoplasm of stratum lucidum consist of dense packed filaments in a matrix called _________.

A

Eleidin

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21
Q

Most superficial layer slough off or “desquamates”

A

Stratum Corneum

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22
Q

preceded by disruption of desmososmes and internal structure of cells.

A

Desquamation

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23
Q

Structural changes in keratinization involve the following EXCEPT:

A) Aggregation and arrangement of filaments.
B) Formation of keratocytes
C) Loss of organelles as a result of accumulation of granules

A

B) Formation of keratocytes.

Correct:
Formation of keratohyaline granules

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24
Q

Can be found in palms and soles only.

A) thick skin
B) thin skin

A

A) thick skin

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25
Q

It has sebaceous glands

A) thick skin
B) thin skin
C) both A&B
D) NOTA

A

B) Thin skin

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26
Q

It has sweat gland

A) thick skin
B) thin skin
C) both A&B
D) NOTA

A

C) both A&B

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27
Q

The following are characteristics of Thin Skin EXCEPT:

A) (+) Sweat glands
B) (+) sebaceous gland
C) (+) stratum Lucidum
D) (+) stratum granulosum

A

C) (+) stratum Lucidum

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28
Q

Number of layers of epidermis in THICK skin

A) 3
B) 4
C) 7
D) 5

A

D) 5

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29
Q

Number of layers of epidermis in THIN skin

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

A

B) 4

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30
Q

The following are cells that can be found in epidermis except

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) macrophage
D) merkels

A

C) macrophage

Correct:

Langerhan cells

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31
Q

Located scattered infrequently in the basal layer & junction of dermis.

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

B) melanocytes

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32
Q

Dendritic cells

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

C) langerhan cells

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33
Q

Principal cells/ parenchyma

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

A) keratinocytes

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34
Q

Antigen-presenting cells, for contact allergic and other cell -mediated response

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

C) langerhan cells

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35
Q

Scattered sparsely among basal cell layer and Difficult to distinguish from melanocytes

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

D) merkel cells

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36
Q

Pale-staining cytoplasm, extends as cytoplasmic processes between keratinocytes

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

C) langerhan cells

37
Q

Synthesis and release of the brown pigment “melanin”

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

B) melanocytes

38
Q

Present in all layers of epidermis especially stratum spinosum and also around blood vessels in papillary dermis.

A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) langerhan cells
D) merkel cells

A

C) langerhan cells

39
Q

rod-like with regular cross striations, one end distends in a vesicle (tennis racket).

A

Birbeck granules

40
Q

Birbeck granules can be found in what cell of epidermis?

A

Langerhan cells

41
Q

Melanocytes contain ______ for melanin synthesis

A

Tyrosinase

42
Q

Considered paraneurons involved in sensory reception.

A

Merkel cells

43
Q

Presence of dense cored vesicles in the cytoplasm

A) langerhan cells
B) keratinocytes
C) merkel cells
D) melanocytes

A

C) merkel cells

44
Q

Provides a flexible but strong base for the epidermis

A

Dermis

45
Q

Germinal basal layer mitosis and site of production of keratin

A

Epidermis

46
Q

Rate of mitosis in the epidermis

A) 10-20days
B) 15-30days
C) 90 days
D) 25-50 days

A

B) 15-30days

47
Q

Rate of desquamation

A) 10-20days
B) 15-30days
C) 90 days
D) 25-50 days

A

D) 25-50 days

48
Q

An important constituent of both zones in the dermis.

A) elastin
B) keratin
C) tryosinase
D) melanin

A

A) elastin

49
Q

a family of polypeptides with 40,000 to 70,000 m.w.

A) elastin
B) keratin
C) tryosinase
D) melanin

A

B) keratin

50
Q

The following are cellular components of dermis EXCEPT:

A) Fibroblasts
B) merkel cells
C) Mast cells
D) Tissue macrophages

A

B) merkel cells

Correct:

Lymphocytes

51
Q

Papillary dermis is consist of what specific type of tissue?

A) DICT
B) DCT
C) LCT
D) RCT

A

C) LCT ( loose connective tissue)

52
Q

Papillary dermis consits of the following except:

A) venules and arterioles
B) capillary loops and lymphatics
C) fine nerve twigs from meissner’s corpuscle
D) AOTA

A

D) AOTA

53
Q

Consists of small, highly sensitive, vascular papillae.

A

Papillary dermis

54
Q

Each papilla of the papillary dermis is made of very fine interlacing collagen fibers with few __________

A

elastic fibers

55
Q

The following are characteristics of reticular dermis EXCEPT:

A) Dense irregular connective tissue
B) Coarse, irregular bundles of collagen
C) Fibroelastic
D) Cells are mainly fibroblasts and lymphocytes

A

D) Cells are mainly fibroblasts and lymphocytes

Correct:

Fibroblasts and histiocytes

56
Q

Blood vessels in the reticular dermis are:

A) larger and deeper
B) smaller and deeper
C) larger and superficial
D) smaller and superficial

A

A) larger and deeper

57
Q

Subcutaneous layer of loose connective tissue beneath the dermis

A

Hypodermis

58
Q

Hypodermis is also known as

A) subcutaneous tissue
B) subcutis
C) superficial fascia
D) AOTA

A

D) AOTA

59
Q

The following are characteristics of hypodermis except:

A) part of the skin proper
B) Mainly adipose tissue such as Panniculus adiposus
C) Binds skin loosely to subjacent organs
D) Loose connective tissue

A

A) part of the skin proper

Correct:
NOT part of the skin proper

60
Q

Highly modified keratinized structures & Produced by hair follicles

A

Hair

61
Q

a terminal expansion of the follicle where hair growth takes place.

A

Hair bulb

62
Q

True or false

Dermal papilla is avascular.

A

False

Dermal papillae is a vascular tissue

63
Q

One or more associated with a hair follicle and Secrete an oily substance called sebum

A

Sebaceous gland

64
Q

underlying nail root; nail growth occurs

A

Nail matrix

65
Q

white crescent shape at base of nail

A

Lunula

66
Q

skin overlying root of nail

A

Nail fold

67
Q

highly keratinized free edge

A

Eponychium

68
Q

skin beneath free end of nail

A

Hyponychium

69
Q

Proximal end of the nail

A

Nail root

70
Q

Rests on a stratified squamous epithelium

A

Nail bed

71
Q

Consists of dense keratinized plate

A

Nail plate

72
Q

Activated by adrenergic nerves; secretion increased by emotional stress.

A

Appocrine sweat glands

73
Q

Between secretory cells and basement membrane and its Contraction expels sweat into ducts

A

Myoepithelial cells

74
Q

Act as an excretory organ by eliminating metabolic waste products.

A) sebaceous gland
B) eccrine gland
C) sweat gland

A

C) sweat gland

75
Q

Closely applied to hair follicles into which they drain

A) sweat glands
B) eccrine glands
C) apocrine glands
D) sebaceous glands

A

D) sebaceous glands

76
Q

Lubricates the epidermis and hair

A) sweat glands
B) eccrine glands
C) apocrine glands
D) sebaceous glands

A

D) sebaceous glands

77
Q

Important in thermoregulation

A) sebaceous gland
B) sweat gland
C) eccrine gland

A

B) sweat gland

78
Q

Found in the axillae, areola, inguinal, and genital regions

A) sebaceous gland
B) sweat gland
C) eccrine gland
D) apocrine gland

A

D) apocrine gland

79
Q

Discharge into hair follicles and Begin functional activity at puberty

A) sebaceous gland
B) sweat gland
C) eccrine gland
D) apocrine gland

A

D) apocrine gland

80
Q

Viscid, milky secretion which, when acted upon by bacteria, produces an objectionable odor.

A

Apocrine sweat glands

81
Q

The single layer or cuboidal or columnar cells in eccrine sweat glands are the _________ while Two layers of smaller cuboidal cells which has Narrower lumen are the _______.

A

Secretory portions; excretory ducts

82
Q

Secrete watery fluid, ammonia, sodium, chloride, urea, and uric acid by merocrine process

A

Sweat glands

83
Q

The following are characteristics of sweat glands except:

A) Sudoriferous glands
B) Simple, coiled tubular glands
C) Discharge directly into the skin surface
D) Mucous secretion

A

D) Mucous secretion

Mucous secretion - sebaceous glands

84
Q

Embedded in the dermis except in areas lacking hairs

A

Sebaceous glands

85
Q

It has holocrine and a Simple branched alveolar glands

A

Sebaceous glands

86
Q

Smooth muscle form arrector pili muscle; obliquely placed in relation to epidermis and The contraction of muscle resulted to the erection of hair shaft (and follicle), producing depressions in the skin (orange peel appearance) known as ________

A

Gooseflesh

87
Q

True/ false

Compression of sebaceous glands aids in emptying glands into hair follicle, oiling the hair shaft

A

True!

88
Q

mixture of triglycerides, waxes, squalene, and cholesterol & its esters and remnants of degenerating/dead cells

A

Sebum

Histology (3 decks)

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