Integumentary Flashcards
kids skin differences
thinner skin, blood vessels close to surface, less subq fat, greater body surface, quicker heat loss, prone to skin breakdown, less pigmented, darker skin
2 types of acne
obstructive - comedomes, blackheads, whiteheads
inflammatory - papules, pustules, cysts
mild acne
primarily non inflammatory lesions, open closed comedomes
acne tx
mild- cetaphil, benzoyl peroxide
moderate- BP, retinoid cream, differin, retin A, abx
severe- BP, retinoid, oral abx, isotretinoin (accutane)
females only- oral contraceptives, spirinalactone, negative pregnancy test before starting any rx.
- good hygiene, mild soap and water, no picking, avoid oil cosmetics
impetigo
common, bacterial, from strep or staph, on face or site of injury. sx are honey colored crusts, itch, burns. tx topical mupirocin, abx.
MRSA
direct contact, rr droplet, shared items. resistant to heat, can be on surfaces for months. sx are red swollen, warm to touch, fever, present as papule, progress to cellulitis or sepsis.
mrsa tx
dx by culture, topical or systemic abx, drainage, hand hygeine, no sharing personal items, keep cuts covered.
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
from staph infection that produces toxin causing exfoliation of skin. abrupt onset, erythema, skin tenderness, sloughing skin. tx oral abx, fluids
cellulitis
infection of subq tissue, secondary infection from trauma to skin, can progress to osteomyelitis.
cellulitis sx, tx
localized reaction, erythema, pain, edema, warmth, fever. tx with oral keflex, augmentin
periorbital cellulitis
bacterial infection of eyelid. tx with abx, medical emergency. can lead to bacteremia, permanent damage, loss of vision
pediculosis
lice. direct contact, hatches 6-10 days, adults 2-3wks later. return to school in 24hrs post tx.
pediculosis sx, tx
sx are extreme pruritis, visible nits and lice. dx with visuals. tx wash hair with pediculocide, comb lice from hair q2-3 days.
scabies
parasitic skin infection, mites burrow into epidermis and lay eggs. can return to school 24hrs post tx
scabies sx, tx
sx are 3wks after infection theres itching, often in finger webs or flexion points, rash and itching persist 3wks after tx. tx with soap and water bath, permetthirin 5% and shower 8-12hrs after, repeat again.
scabies education
tx everyone in contact with pt, wash everything in water >140 degree and dry in high heat 40 min several times after tx. vacuum house and throw away bag, seal non washable items for 2 weeks, itching can last for 3wks, take benadryl, soothing lotions, trim nails.
tick bites
feeds for 36-72hr to transmit infection. bulls eye rash, itching, pain. tx with abx doxycycline and nsaids. lead to lyme disease, fever, ha, malaise, joint swelling, lymphadenopathy, meningitis, facial palsy
animal bites tx and prevention
tx clean, sutures, abx, rabies prophylaxis and tetanus booster, plastic surgery. never leave child alone, dont provoke, no teasing, closed fist approach.
contact dermatitis
skin contact with irritant, rash at point of contact. tx by avoiding, oatbaths, cool compresses, moisturize.
atopic dermatitis
eczema, allergic or hereditary component. common at flexion points, face, skin in contact with clothes, better in summer. very itchy and dry skin. tx by avoiding irritants, and drying out skin.
