Integumentary

Question 1

STRATUM CORNEUM:

Answer 1

MOST SUPERFICIAL; 20-30 LAYERS OF ANUCLEATE SQUAMOUS

Question 2

STRATUM LUCIDUM:

Answer 2

2-3 LAYERS OF DEAD KERATINOCYTES; ONLY FOUND IN THICK SKIN (PALMS AND SOLES); FLAT KERATINOCYTES; LOOK CLEAR UNDER MICROSCOPE

Question 3

STRATUM GRANULOSUM:

Answer 3

3-5 LAYERS OF KERATINOCYTES; PROCESS OF KERATINOZATION BEGINS HERE (CELLS DIE); DISTINCT GRANULES IN CYTOPLASM

Question 4

STRATUM SPINOSUM:

Answer 4

SEVERAL LAYERS OF POLYGONAL KERATINOCYTES ATTACHED TO NEIGHBORS BY DESMOSOMES; DAUGHTER CELLS OF BASALE; HAS EPIDERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS

Question 5

STRATUM BASALE:

Answer 5

SINGLE LAYER OF CUBOIDAL/COLUMNAR SHAPE CELLS, CONNECT TO THE BASEMENT MEMBRANE; WILL FIND KERATINOCYTES, MELANOCYTES, AND TACTILE CELLS; CELL DIVISION HAPPENS HERE

Question 6

Describe each skin pigment.

Answer 6

HAPPENS BECAUSE OF HEMOGLOBIN, MELANIN, AND KERATIN.

Question 7

Of the dermis, what tissue type comprises each layer?

Answer 7

AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE (PAPILLARY) AND DENSE IRREGULAR TISSUE (RETICULAR LAYER)

Question 8

Briefly describe functions of the integumentary system.

Answer 8

PROTECTION, PREVENTION OF WATER LOSS/GAIN, VITAMIN D SYNTHESIS, SECRETION, ABSORPTION, TEMPERATURE REGULATION, IMMUNE FUNCTION, AND SENSORY RECEPTION.

Question 9

Describe the nail matrix.

Answer 9

ACTIVE GROWING PART OF NAIL; WHERE THE NAIL ROOT/BODY STEM FROM

Question 10

Hair bulb:

Answer 10

LIVING EPITHELIAL CELLS ARE HERE; HAIR PAPILLA (WHERE BLOOD VESSELS SUPPLY THE BULB); MATRIX AND NERVES; GENERATES KERATINIZED CELLS OF THE HAIR

Question 11

Hair root:

Answer 11

DEAD EPITHELIAL CELLS; CORTEX (HARD COATING AROUND HAIR; CUTICLE; HAIR FOLLICLE

Question 12

What cartilage types are found in the body? Where?

Answer 12

Articular (hyaline): lines ends of bones where they meet. Costal (fibrocartilage): in ribs and spine discs