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EQUINE-ICBP > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

general term for any type of skin inflam

A

dermatitis

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2
Q

dermatitis factors

A
  1. bacterial infxn
  2. external irritants
  3. trauma
  4. allergens
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3
Q

skin is thickest and thinnest at

A

thickest - dorsal part (dorsal neck, thorax, base of tail)
thinnest - ear, inguinal, axillary, perineal

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4
Q

3 stages of hair cycle

A
  1. anagen - growing
  2. catagen - intermediate
  3. telogen - resting phase
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5
Q

shedding pattern of horses

A

mosaic

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6
Q

vestigial appendage and small mass of cornified tissue located on the tuft of hair on the flexor surface of fetlock

A

ergot (2nd and 4th digit)

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7
Q

sensation to lick, chew, scratch; leads to lichenification

A

pruritis

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8
Q

dz causing pruritic dermatoses

A

pediculosis
mange
pinworm
insect hypersensitivity

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9
Q

causative agent of pediculosis (common in sick, debilitated, old)

A
  1. Haematopinus asini - sucking lice; pastern, tail, mane; bigger
  2. Damalinia equi - chewing lice; biting more active and smaller; trunk
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10
Q

T/F: sucking louse are more active than biting louse

A

F

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11
Q

T/F: pediculosis is zoonotic

A

F

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12
Q

pediculosis tx

A
  1. ivermectin - given for 3 mos, every 2 wks
  2. lime sulfur
  3. pyrethrin
  4. malathion
  5. coumaphos
  6. pyrethroid
  7. permethrin
  8. imidacloprid
  9. fipronil
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13
Q

T/F: scabies is more notifiable than pediculosis

A

T

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14
Q

causative agent of mange/acariasis

A
  1. Sarcoptes - body mange; zoonotic; most severe
  2. Chorioptes - leg mange; less severe; more common; nonzoonotic
  3. Psoroptes - mane mange; nonzoonotic
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15
Q

T/F: Chorioptes is less severe but more common in draft horses and similar to scabies

A

T

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16
Q

causative agent of demodicosis

A

Demodex - self-limiting; occurs in immunocompromised; rare

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17
Q

red mite of poultry

A

Dermanyssus gallinae - active and skin scraping at night

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18
Q

horse pinworm

A

Oxyuris equi - causes intense anal pruritis
- eggs not detected during fecalysis; do scotch tape method

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19
Q

insects preferred place for breeding?

A
  1. mosquito* and biting midges* - stagnant water; lateral side
  2. blackflies - flowing water
  3. horn flies - fresh cattle feces
  4. stable and house flies - decaying vegetation, matter
    *active during night (others during daytime)
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20
Q

biting midges can cause

A

Queensland itch or summer itch

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21
Q

tx for insect hypersensitivity

A
  1. corticosteroid
  2. hydroxyzine hydrochloride - for urticaria; antihistamine
  3. permethrin and pyriproxyfen
  4. pyrethrin and pyrethroid
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22
Q

cutaneous drug interactions

A
  • penicillin
  • streptomycin
  • oxytetracycline
  • neomycin
  • chloramphenicol
  • sulfonamides
  • phenothiazines
  • phenylbutazone
  • guaifenesin
  • aspirin
  • glucocorticoids
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23
Q

causes of scaling and crusting dermatoses

A

dermatophilosis
dermatophytosis

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24
Q

also known as rain scald

A

dermatophilosis - caused by Dermatophilus congolensis

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25
Q

tx and pre-req for dermatophilosis to multiply

A

tx - wound management
prereq - moisture and trauma to skin

26
Q

most common contagious skin dz in horses

A

dermatophytosis/ringworm

27
Q

causative agent of dermatophytsosis

A

Tricophyton equinum, T. metagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum, M. canis
- self-limiting
- potential zoonosis

28
Q

T/F: wood’s lamp is practical in horses

A

F

29
Q

tx for dermatophytosis

A
  • miconazole
  • lime sulfur
  • chlorhexidine
  • dilute bleach solution
  • griseofulvin
  • itraconazole
  • sodium iodide
30
Q

dz characterized by papules and nodules

A

botryomycosis
Corynebacterial infxn
ulcerative lymphangitis
sporotrichosis
sarcoids
melanomas
eosinophilic granuloma complex

31
Q

bacterial granuloma causing grape-like nodules

A

botryomycosis

32
Q

causative agent of botryomycosis

A

S. aureus - main
fungi

33
Q

also known as pigeon fever

A

Corynebacterial infxn
- caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

34
Q

mechanical vectors of pigeon fever

A

horn flies - Haematobia irritans

35
Q

tx of pigeon fever

A
  1. surgical drainage
  2. procaine penicillin
  3. wound managament
36
Q

2 forms of sporotrichosis

A
  1. yeast - cigar-shaped
  2. mold
37
Q

causative agent of sporotrichosis

A

Sporothrix schenkii

38
Q

tx for sporotrichosis

A

sodium iodide

39
Q

most common skin tumor and is locally invasive fibroblastic neoplasm

A

sarcoid

40
Q

suspected causative agent of sarcoids

A

bovine papillomavirus

41
Q

sarcoid histophathology

A

whirls of fibroblast

42
Q

types of sarcoids

A
  1. occult - flat and circular; benign neglect
  2. verrucous - warts; benign neglect
  3. fibroblastic - proud flesh
43
Q

sarcoid tx

A
  1. surgical debulking
  2. BCG vax
  3. cisplatin
  4. flumeg and prednisone
44
Q

breed predilection of melanoma

A

Arabian and Percheron
- gray horses

45
Q

T/F: melanoma has no tx

A

T - but can use cimetidine

46
Q

for regression of tumors

A

cimetidine

47
Q

most common nodular dz

A

eosinophilic granuloma complex
- common in neck, trunk, back; saddle area
- can calcify due to chronic irritation; rock-like texture

48
Q

causes of eosinophilic granuloma

A

insect bites or environmental allergens

49
Q

other term for eosinophilic granuloma complex

A

eosinophilic granuloma w/ collagen degeneration, nodular necrobiosis of collagen, or collagenolytic granuloma

50
Q

tx for eosinophilic granuloma complex

A

corticosteroid
antibiotics
surgery (chronic)

51
Q

mucocutaneous vesicular disorder

A
  1. equine herpes coital exanthema
  2. vesicular stomatitis
52
Q

causative agent of equine herpes coital exanthema

A

EHV-3 (stress-induced)

53
Q

MOT of equine herpes coital exanthema

A

coitus
insect
fomite
inhalation

54
Q

other term for vesicular stomatitis (Rhabdovirus)

A

sore nose, sore mouth

55
Q

serotypes of vesicular stomatitis

A

New Jersey, Indiana

56
Q

necrotizing skin disorder

A

decubital ulcer

57
Q

other term for decubital ulcer

A

pressure sores, setfasts, saddle galls, saddle sores

58
Q

decubital ulcer may develop from

A
  • poorly fitting tack
  • prolonged recumbency
  • tight bandages
59
Q

skin congenital disorder

A

epitheliogenesis imperfecta
dermoid sinuses
dentigerous cyst

60
Q

other term for epitheliogenesis imperfecta

A

aplasia cutis

61
Q

dermoid sinuses is common in _________

A

Thoroughbred

62
Q

other term for dentigerous cyst

A

periauricular cyst

EQUINE-ICBP (2 decks)

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