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PT Procedures II > Integument Anatomy + Basic Dermatology > Flashcards

Integument Anatomy + Basic Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of skin

A 
protection
insulation
sensation
metabolism of Vit. D
excretion of salt/urea
maintain homeostasis
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2
Q

is the epidermis vascular or avascular?

A

avascular

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3
Q

list the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep

A 
stratum..
corneum
lucidum (thick skin)
granulosum
spinosum
basale
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4
Q

where is stratum lucidum present

A

in areas where skin is thick, like palms and soles

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5
Q

which of the 5 epidermal layers are actively dividing

A

spinosum and basale

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6
Q

keratinocytes

A

produce keratin

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7
Q

melanocytes

A

produce melanin

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8
Q

merkel cells

A

detect touch sensation

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9
Q

langerhans cells

A

antigen presenting cells

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10
Q

epidermal appendages + their location

A

hair follicles, glands, nails

located in dermis

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11
Q

sebaceous versus sudoriferous glands

A

seb produce oil

sud produce sweat

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12
Q

types of sweat glands

A

eccrine and apocrine

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13
Q

is the dermis vascular or avascular

A

vascular

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14
Q

two layers of dermis

A

papillary

reticular

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15
Q

in which tissue do blisters form

A

papillary layer of dermis

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16
Q

fibroblasts

A

produce collagen and elastin

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17
Q

epidermal cell types

A

keratinocytes
melanocytes
merkel cells
langerhans cells

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18
Q

dermal cell types

A 
fibroblasts
macrophages
other WBCs
mast cells
sensory receptors
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19
Q

hypodermis contains..

A

adipose and fascia

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20
Q

function of adipose tissue

A

energy storage, cushioning, insulation

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21
Q

function of fascia

A

separates + surrounds structures to facilitate movement

22
Q

depths of tissue involvement

A

superficial: only epidermis
partial: epidermis + part of dermis
full: epidermis + dermis, sometimes hypodermis

23
Q

examples of superficial thickness injuries

A

abrasion

1st degree burn

24
Q

examples of partial-thickness injuries

A

2nd degree burn
stage 2 pressure injury
blister

25
Q

examples of full-thickness injuries

A

3rd degree burn

stage 3 pressure injury

26
Q

macule

A

non-palpable flat change in skin color

27
Q

papule

A

palpable elevated solid mass

28
Q

nodule/tumor

A

palpable elevated solid mass

more than 0.5 cm

29
Q

wheal

A

superficial mass that is transient

30
Q

vesicle

A

superficial elevation filled with serous fluid

31
Q

pustule

A

superficial elevation filled with purulent material

32
Q

scale

A

dry or greasy mass of keratin

33
Q

crust

A

dried blood, serum, or pus

“scab”

34
Q

fissure

A

linear crack due to dry/thickened skin

35
Q

excoriation

A

linear abrasion produced by mechanical trauma

associated with pruritus and scratching

36
Q

what does pruritus mean

A

itching

37
Q

erosion

A

loss of portions or all of epidermis

38
Q

denuded

A

lost epidermis

39
Q

ulcer

A

excavation involving complete loss of epidermis and portion of dermis

will usually result in scar when healed

40
Q

scar

A

collagen + ct that replace lost dermis

41
Q

xerosis

A

dry skin

42
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing

43
Q

cyanosis

A

bluing

44
Q

erythema

A

reddening

45
Q

skin changes with aging

A

decreased ground substance, elastin, collagen

reduced epidermal turnover

flattening of dermal/epidermal interdigitations

decreased vascularity

decreased # of sweat glands

decrease in all epidermal functions

46
Q

exogenous

A

something external is causing the flare

47
Q

endogenous

A

something internal is causing the flare

48
Q

contact dermatitis

A

exogenous

49
Q

actinic dermatitis

A

exogenous, light exposure

50
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema

endogenous + exogenous

51
Q

lichenification

A

thickening of the skin

rough/bumpy feel

52
Q

urticaria

A

hives

pruritic edematous pink or red wheals

PT Procedures II (2 decks)

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