Integument

Question 1

Downward growth of epidermis along crest describes what epidermal ridge?

Answer 1

Interpapillary peg

Question 2

Formed during 3rd to 4th months of fetal life, related to fingerprints, and subdivided into two secondary dermal ridges describes what epidermal ridge?

Answer 2

Primary dermal ridge

Question 3

Occur in double rows, branched and thin collagenous, reticular, and elastic fibers describes what dermal ridge?

Answer 3

Secondary dermal ridge

Question 4

Upward projections from each secondary dermal ridge describes what epidermal ridge?

Answer 4

Dermal papillae

Question 5

Stratified squamous epithelium is derived from what embryonic layer?

Answer 5

Ectoderm

Question 6

What are the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial

Answer 6

5. Stratum basale/germinativum,
6. stratum spinosum,
7. stratum granulosum,
8. stratum lucidum,
9. stratum corneum

Question 7

Columnar to high cuboidal keratinocytes are found in what epidermis layer?

Answer 7

Stratum basale/germinativum

Question 8

Prickle cells, developing keratohyalin, tonofibrils, and membrane-coating granules first appearing in this epidermis layer

Answer 8

Stratum spinosum

Question 9

What forms intercellular bridges?

Answer 9

Tonofibrils

Question 10

Flattened nucleated keratinocytes, keratohyalin aggregates, lamellar bodies, and tonofilaments are found in what epidermis layer?

Answer 10

Stratum granulosum

Question 11

Contains eleiden, only found in thick skin, and flat keratinocytes lacking nuclei and organelles are found in what epidermis layer?

Answer 11

Stratum lucidum

Question 12

Enucleated, flattend, dead keratinocytes; cytoplasm replaced by keratin, and multilayered describe what epidermis layer?

Answer 12

Stratum corneum

Question 13

The dermis is derived from what embryonic layer?

Answer 13

Mesoderm

Question 14

What kind of CT is found in the dermis?

Answer 14

Dense fibrous irregular CT layer beneath epidermis

Question 15

What kind of CT is in the hypodermis?

Answer 15

Loose CT that underlies dermis

Question 16

T/F: the dermis may contain fat cells that can form a thick layer called the panniculus adiposus?

Answer 16

False; the hypodermis

Question 17

What are the dermis two layers?

Answer 17

Papillary layer (closest to epidermis) and reticular layer

Question 18

Langerhans cells aka

Answer 18

Dendritic cells

Question 19

Langerhans cells are derived from

Answer 19

Monocytes

Question 20

Langerhan cells are primarily found in what epidermis layer?

Answer 20

Stratum spinosum

Question 21

T/F: langerhan cells are antigen-presenting cells

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Birbeck granules are characteristic of what type of cells

Answer 22

Langerhan cells

Question 23

T/F: langerhan cells migrate from epidermis to lymph nodes

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Merkel cells are what type of sensory receptors?

Answer 24

Mechanoreceptors

Question 25

Merkel cells are usually found in what epidermis layer?

Answer 25

Stratum germinativum

Question 26

Merkel cells contain what type of granules?

Answer 26

Catecholamine-like granules

Question 27

Merkel cells can diffuse what type of cells?

Answer 27

Neuroendocrine cells

Question 28

Melanocytes are derived from what kind of cell?

Answer 28

Melanoblasts

Question 29

Melanocytes inject what into keratinocytes?

Answer 29

Inject melanin granules

Question 30

For the pathway for melanin formation, it requires what enzyme?

Answer 30

Tyrosinase

Question 31

Epidermis starts as a single layer of ectodermal cells that DIVIDE DURING THE SIXTH WEEK TO FORM:

Answer 31

Periderm and inner cuboidal germinal layer

Question 32

Sebaceous glands release sebum into what structure?

Answer 32

The hair follicle

Question 33

Sebaceous glands are what type of glands?

Answer 33

Holocrine

Question 34

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands are what type of glands?

Answer 34

Merocrine and apocrine glands

Question 35

Merocrine gland has what type of endings? (Based on neurotransmitter)

Answer 35

Cholinergic endings

Question 36

Coiled, simple stubular secretory portions describe what type of gland?

Answer 36

Merocrine

Question 37

This gland is found in labia majora, areola, and axillary and anal regions

Answer 37

Apocrine glands

Question 38

What kind of innervation does apocrine glands have? (Based on neurotransmitter)

Answer 38

Adrenergic innervation

Question 39

What are the 2 special types of apocrine glands?

Answer 39

Ceruminous glands and glands of Moll

Question 40

Does merocrine or apocrine gland have thick, viscous secretion?

Answer 40

Apocrine glands

Question 41

What are the components of the hair follicle (3)

Answer 41

Root sheaths, hair shaft, and hair bulb

Question 42

What component of the hair follicle has: vascularized dermal papilla, matrix high in mitotic activity, and is the expanded lower part of hair follicle?

Answer 42

Hair bulb

Question 43

Down growth of epidermis is found in internal or external root sheath?

Answer 43

External

Question 44

Generated by bulb matrix and has layers is the internal of external root sheath?

Answer 44

Internal

Question 45

What are the hair shaft layers (3)?

Answer 45

Medulla (innermost), cortex, and cuticle

Question 46

What are the 2 signaling pathways in keratinocyte stem cells?

Answer 46

Wnt and Notch signaling pathway