Integration of Metabolism Flashcards
1
Q
Fed State
A
- Immediately Post Feeding
- Blood - full of glucose, triglycerides and amino acids
- Liver - Synthesizes glycogen, fatty acids, triglyceriedes
- Adipose - Synthesizes triglycerides
- Muscle - Synthesizes glycogen, proteins
- Brain - Burns glucose
- Hormones - High Insulin, low glucagon
2
Q
Liver in a Fed State
A
3
Q
Muscle in Fed State
A
4
Q
Adipose in a Fed State
A
*
5
Q
Early Fasting
A
- One to six hours post-eating
- Blood - Glucose homeostasis, transporting fatty acids/glycerol from adipose
- Liver - Breaks dwn glycogen to add glucose to blood
- Adipose - Breaks down triglycerides to put fatty acids and glycerol into the blood
- Muscle - Breaks down glycogen, burns glucose and fatty acids
- Brain - Burns glucose
- Hormones - Lowering insulin, rising glucagon
6
Q
Liver in Early Fasting
A
7
Q
Muscle in Early Fasting
A
8
Q
Adipose in Early Fasting
A
9
Q
Late Fasting
A
- 6 - 48 hours post-eating
- Blood - Glucose homeostasis, transporting fatty acids/glycerol from adipose and amino acids from muscle
- Liver - Depletion of glycogen, starts gluconeogenesis from glucogenic amino acids and glycerol and ketogenesis from ketogenic amino acids
- Adipose - Breaks down triglycerides to put fatty acids and glycerol into the blood
- Muscle - Breaks down protein to put AA into the blood
- Brain - Burns glucose and ketone bodies
- Hormones - Low insulin, high Glucagon
10
Q
Liver in Late Fasting (and ketogenic diet)
A
11
Q
Muscle in Late Fasting
A
12
Q
Adipose in Late Fasting
A
13
Q
Starvation
A
- >>48 hours post-eating
- Blood - Falling glucose, high fatty acid and glycerol
- Liver - Gluconeogenesis from glycerol
- Kidney - Gluconeogenesis from glycerol
- Adipose - Breaks down triglycerides to put fatty acids and glycerol into the blood
- Muscle - Wasting
- Brain - Burns ketone bodies
- Hormones - Very low insulin, high (but moderating) glucagon
14
Q
Liver in Starvation
A
15
Q
Kidney in Starvation
A
16
Q
Muscle in Starvation
A
17
Q
Adipose in Starvation
A
18
Q
Metabolic Adjustments During Starvation
A
19
Q
Exercise
A
- Intense Energy demand
- Blood - Cardiac output/oxygen transport lower than muscle usage
- Liver - Gluconeogenesis from lactate
- Adipose - Breaks down triglycerides to put fatty acids and glycerol into blood
- Muscle - Burns glucose and fatty acids. More fuel than oxygen, so produces lactate
- Brain - Burns glucose
- Hormones - Epinephrine
20
Q
Muscle during exercise
A
21
Q
Liver Exercise
A
22
Q
Adipose During Exercise
A
