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CPS > Instrumentation > Flashcards

Instrumentation Flashcards

1
Q

What are #10 scalpel blades used for?

A

Small animal general purpose

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2
Q

What are #15 scalpel blades used for?

A

Cat, general purpose

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3
Q

What are #20 scalpel blades used for?

A

Large animal, general purpose

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4
Q

What are #12 scalpel blades used for?

A

Suture removal

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5
Q

What scalpel blades do size 3 scalpel handles take?

A

10, 11, 12, 15

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6
Q

What scalpel blades do size 4 scalpel handles take?

A

20, 21, 22, 23

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7
Q

What are size 4 scalpel handles usually used for?

A
  • Large animal surgery

- Accept larger blades

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8
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the penholder scalpel grip?

A

Advantages: very stable, good contact angle
Disadvantages: allows only short slide cuts

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9
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the fingertip scalpel grip?

A

Advantages: allows long slide cuts
Disadvantages: less stable, flatter contact angle

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10
Q

Outline slide cutting

A
  • Use curved part of blade to incise the skin

- Assisting hand tenses tissue and reduces downward force

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11
Q

Outline stab cutting

A
  • Use for visceral puncture

- Difficult to control depth

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12
Q

Outline the push cut

A
  • Large animal surgery only

- Deep incision

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of scissors?

A
  • Suture
  • Bandage
  • Tissue
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14
Q

Outline suture scissors

A
  • Do not use tissue scissor for cutting suture material

- Carless and Littauer

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15
Q

What are Carless scissors used for?

A

Heavy duty suture scissors

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16
Q

What are Littauer scissors used for?

A

Removal of tight/small or awkward sutures

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17
Q

Name the 2 types of tissue scissors

A

Mayo and Metzenbaums

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18
Q

Describe Mayo scissors

A
  • Wider, robust blades

- Deals with tough tissue

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19
Q

Describe Metzenbaum scissors

A
  • Fine blades

- Used for delicate dissection

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20
Q

What are the cutting forces exerted by scissors?

A
  • Closing
  • Shearing
  • Torque (twisting)
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21
Q

Describe dressing scissors

A
  • Used to cut dressing material and general work

- Also used for cutting suture material during surgery

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22
Q

What instruments can be used for haemostasis in surgery?

A
  • Artery forceps
  • Swabs
  • Suction
  • Electrical
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23
Q

Name the 4 most common artery forceps

A
  • Mosquito
  • Spencer-Wells
  • Rochester-Pean
  • Cholescystectomy or Roberts
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24
Q

Compare the serration on artery forceps and bowel clamps

A
  • Serrated edge runs transverse on artery forceps

- Runs lengthways on bowel clamps

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25
Q

What are Bowel clamps used for?

A
  • Striations are less traumatic

- Though tot be more secure in sealing the bowel during surgery

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26
Q

What are curved forceps used for?

A

Pick up small bleeders and for grasping tissue bunches

27
Q

How are artery forceps held?

A

Standard tripod grip

28
Q

Describe surgical swabs

A
  • Cotton strand/fibre
  • More cotton = more effective
  • Raytex markers important for cavity surgery as are radiopaque so can be found if left in
  • Laparotomy sponges are very large
  • Dental rolls and Q tips can also be used
29
Q

Describe suction for haemostasis

A
  • Can be attached to a wall mounted system or mobile generator
  • 4 main types: Yankauer, Frasier, Poole, Adson
30
Q

What is Yankauer suction used for?

A
  • General purpose
  • Suction of large volumes of fluid
  • Used during dental scaling to remove excess fluid
31
Q

What is Frasier suction used for?

A

Finer control suction, similar appearance to Yankauer

32
Q

What is Poole suction used for?

A
  • Cavity suction
  • Good for large volumes e.g. abdominal lavage
  • Guard reduces risk of viscera and omentum blocking tip
33
Q

What is Adson suction used for?

A
  • Spinal surgery

- Greater control of suction close to delicate structures by releasing finger from over the hole

34
Q

What instruments are used for tissue manipulation?

A
  • Thumb forceps
  • Tissue forceps
  • Retractors
  • Block ended serrated dressing forceps
35
Q

Name the different types of thumb forceps

A
  • Adson/Adson-Brown
  • Gillies
  • Lanes, Treves
  • DeBakey
36
Q

What are Adson/Adson-Brown forceps used for?

A
  • Fine tissue control
  • GOod for skin
  • Can have rat toothed or serrated ends
37
Q

What are Gillies forceps used for?

A

Fine tissues, general purpose

38
Q

What are Lanes and Treves forceps used for?

A
  • Heavier duty
  • General purpose
  • Can be rat toothed
39
Q

What are DeBakey forceps used for?

A
  • Very atraumatic

- Suitable for chest, GI, liver etc

40
Q

Name the different types of tissue forceps

A
  • Allis
  • Babcock
  • Spay
41
Q

Describe the purpose Allis forceps

A
  • Robust
  • Traumatic
  • Only used on connective tissue or fascial planes
  • Never for skin or a hollow viscus
42
Q

Describe the purpose of Babcock forceps

A
  • Fine

- Used on bladder, liver and lung

43
Q

Describe the purpose of spay forceps

A
  • Used to elevate uterine horn in cat spay
  • Have a DeBakey grip (secure) but less traumatic
  • Good for surgery of ear, bowel or urogenital tract as have very thin working end
44
Q

Name the different types of retractors

A
  • Gelpi
  • Weitlaner, Wests
  • Abdominal (Balfour, Gosset)
  • Hohman
  • Senn
  • Handheld
45
Q

What are Gelpi retractors used for?

A
  • Excellent general purpose
  • Sharp tips
  • Especially good for joint surgery and spinal surgery
46
Q

What are Weitlaner and West retractors used for?

A
  • Excellent general purpose
  • Sharp tips
  • Retraction of skin and superficial soft tissue
47
Q

Describe Gosset retractors

A
  • Used in abdominal surgery
  • Light, do not get in the way
  • Rib retractor/laparotomy retractor
48
Q

What are Hohman retractors used for?

A
  • Retraction of bones/bone fragments during fracture repair

- Are handheld

49
Q

What are Senn retractors used for?

A

Fat pad retraction in medial meniscus repair (handheld)

50
Q

What are Balfour retractors used for?

A

Retraction of body wall during exploratory laparotomy

51
Q

What are the pros and cons of handheld retractors?

A
  • Pros: light, cheap

- Cons: need to be handheld

52
Q

Name the handheld retractors

A
  • Hohman

- Senn

53
Q

Outline the use of block ended serrated dressing forceps for tissue manipulation

A
  • Are cheap dressing forceps

- Minimal use during surgery

54
Q

What type of instruments are needed in tissue reconstruction?

A

Needle holders

55
Q

Name the different types of needle holders

A
  • Mayo
  • Olsen-Hegar
  • McPhail
  • Gillies
56
Q

Which needle holders have a locking catch?

A
  • All but Gillies

- I.e. Mayo, Olsen Hegar, McPhails

57
Q

Which needle holders have scissors?

A

Olsen-Hegar and Gillies

58
Q

Describe the Backhaus Towel clamp

A
  • Used to secure drapes to the patient
  • Very traumatic
  • Pierce drape material
  • Very secure
59
Q

Describe the spay hook

A

Used to atraumatically lift the uterine horns within the abdomen

60
Q

What instruments are commonly used in ophthalmic surgery?

A
  • Castroviejo needle holders

- Castroviejo corneal scissors

61
Q

What are Rongeurs used for?

A
  • Orthopaedic surgery

- “nibbling” through edges of bone

62
Q

What are periostal elevators used for?

A
  • Orthopaedic surgery

- Used to remove periosteum from bone

63
Q

What are burdizzos used for?

A

Bloodless castration of large animals

64
Q

What are emasculators used for?

A

Open castration of large animals

CPS (13 decks)

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