Instrumentation

Question 1

Light source - continuous

Answer 1

Halogen
* advantage = less expensive
* Not as bright as Xenon

Question 2

Light source - Intermittent

Answer 2

• flashing
• Intermittent xenon is used in stroboscopy

Question 3

Endoscope - Rigid Oral

Answer 3

• Has an eye piece
• Camera adapter/lens
• Attaches to a light source
• typically uses 70 degree angle tip

Question 4

Endoscope - flexible fiberoptic rhinolarungoscope

Answer 4

• various diameters
• pediatric (olympus): smallest endoscope with an insertion tube 1.8 mm
• P4: adult endoscope
• Typical size: diameter and shaft 3.4 mm
• New chip in the tip: camera is in the distal tip, rather than at the level of the eye piece

Question 5

Parts of the flexible fiberoptic

Answer 5

• eye piece
• objective lens
• diopter adjustment ring
• angulator level
• insertion tube
• bending section
• distal tip
• light source cable and adapter

Question 6

Companies selling endoscopy equipment

Answer 6

• Olympus
• Kay-pentax
• Welch allyn

Question 7

Components of a stroboscopic system

Answer 7

• CPU
• Light source
• Monitor
• Contact microphone
• Digital camera
• Lens adapter with focus rings
• Acoustic microphone
• External speakers
• Printer
• Foot switch
• Key board
• Software

Question 8

Pitch Tracking

Answer 8

• The strobe
• More dysphonic your patient, the more difficult it is for the strobe to synchronize the fundamental frequency
• If there is a lack of pitch tracking, adjust the contact microhpone

Question 9

Patient factors

Answer 9

• Some patients will be easier to scope than others
• Some patients may have strong gag reflexes
• Patients are fearful
• Have small oral cavities
• Have small nasal passsages
• Can’t use rigid.. use the pediatric scope

Question 10

Image Quality

Answer 10

• Depends on instrumentation
• Set up
• How bright the image is
• Be patient to get the image you want