Instrument Approach/Takeoff Procedures Flashcards
What obstacle clearance does an MSA provide?
1000ft
What are CAT A, B and C performance category speeds?
A- speeds up to 90kts
B- speeds 91-120kts
C- speeds 121-140kts
How are performance category speeds calculated?
Vat = Vso x 1.3
What are the CAT B handling speeds?
Initial and intermediate approach- 120-180 (140 reversals)
Final approach- 85-130
Circling- 135
Missed approach- 150
What is PEC and when must it be used?
Pressure error correction.
Must be added to all DA. 50ft unless AOM calculated by operator.
What tolerance should be maintained on an ILS/LOC?
Within a half scale deflection.
If at anytime during an approach it indicates a full scale deflection, a missed approach should be commenced.
When may an approach be commenced without entering the holding pattern (using radio navaids)?
- Reversal procedure entry requirements are met.
- DME arc entry requirements are met.
- Enroute track to fix is within 30 deg of first track of the procedure.
When may an aircraft be descended outbound on a reversal procedure?
After crossing the fix and established on the specified track, or turned to a heading to intercept the specified track.
When must a missed approach be executed? (6 items)
So. Not Visual. ROFL
Straight in landing cannot be made from a runway approach, unless a circling approach can be made in weather greater than circling minima
Not visual prior to MAP or DA.
RAIM warning or loss of RAIM after IAF
Outside nav tolerance on final segment
Failure of aid or the performance of the aid becomes suspect below the MSA
Lost visual reference while circling
What is the missed approach gradient?
2.5%
What is the minimum obstacle clearance provided by a missed approach?
100ft
How is a missed approach made from visual circling?
Pilot will make an initial climbing turn toward the landing runway and overhead the airport, where the aircraft will be established climbing on the missed approach track.
On a radio navaid approach that does not specify lateral guidance, how must tracking be achieved?
Pilot will use DR with allowance for wind.
If a RAIM warning ceases when the missed approach is selected, may the GPS be used for the missed approach?
Yes
When may aircraft be descended below MDA during visual circling by day?
Visual contact with obstacles and not less than minimum for performance category until aligned with landing runway.
When may aircraft be descended below MDA during visual circling by night?
When a normal constant descent can be made to landing, maintaining obstacle clearance for performance category until aligned with runway.
Minimum circling obstacle clearance for CAT A and B?
300ft
Circling area for CAT B?
2.66NM
Is visual circling allowed in ‘no circling’ sectors by day in VMC?
Yes
Jepp terminal, IA/TP 4.16
Visual approach by day criteria?
Within 30NM, clear of cloud, in sight of ground or water, 5km via, minimum VFR altitudes.
Takeoff minima (not a qualifying multi engine)?
300ft ceiling/2km vis
Conditions:
- terrain clearance must be assured until reaching LSALT or MSA
- if a return to departure is not possible, performance must allow reaching a suitable airport.
CAT 1 DA vis minima?
- 5km- if HIAL not available.
- 2km- unless flown with autopilot couple or manually flown with FD, failure warning system for primary ah/heading, and high intensity runway edge lighting is available.
- 8km- if instrumented RVR on threshold zone is not available.
When must temperature corrections be used?
Below ISA -15 at landing airport.
Requirements for special alternate weather minima?
Dual ILS/VOR approach capability. Requirement for dual markers may be satisfied by one marker and one DME.
Not available when METAR/SPECI are not available, or when airport control service is not provided.
Can an RNAV be commenced from other than an initial approach waypoint?
In controlled airspace, an aircraft may be vectored to intercept the initial approach segment, or direct to the intermediate fix.
5 requirements for descent below mda during visual circling?
“VMC, Day Obstacle, Night MDA”
Visibility along flight not less than specified for circling.
Maintain visual contact with landing environment.
Circling area (within).
By day not below obstacle clearance.
By night not below MDA until downwind, base or final.
When is Special alternate minima not available? (2 items)
- local METAR/SPECI or forecasting services are not available; or
- an airport control service is not provided
What are the CAT A handling speeds?
Initial and intermediate approach- 90-150 (110 reversals)
Final approach- 70-100
Circling- 100
Missed approach- 110
Where does the final approach segment commence?
The FAF, final approach point (FAP), or where the aircraft is established on the final approach course
On reversal procedures for which a FAF is not published, when should final approach speed be obtained?
Prior to descending in the inbound track. (Jepp terminal, instrument approach 2.3)
When can you descend below the straight in MDA (and continue below it)? (3 items)
“VMC”
- Visual reference can be maintained.
- Minima requirements adhered to.
- Continuously in a position where a landing can be made with normal rates of descent and manoeuvres.
(Jepp TERMINAL – Instrument Approach/Take-off Procedures 4.15.2)
