Institutions: RELIGION Flashcards
What do functionalist theorists view religion as?
A crucial component of society that helps maintain social order and stability
Who is a prominent functionalist theorist?
Emile Durkheim
What are the three major functions of religion according to Durkheim?
- Social Cohesion
- Social Control
- Providing Meaning and Purpose
What role does religion play in social cohesion?
Reinforces social integration by bringing individuals together through shared beliefs and rituals
How does religion contribute to social control?
Encourages conformity to social norms and laws, thus maintaining social order
What does religion provide individuals in the face of existential uncertainties?
A sense of purpose and understanding
Give a Caribbean example of functionalism in religion.
The practice of Revivalism in Jamaica fosters community bonding
What does the term ‘opium of the people’ refer to in Marxist theory?
Religion as an instrument of social control used by the ruling class
Who is the key figure associated with the Marxist perspective on religion?
Karl Marx
What does Marx argue religion does to social inequalities?
Legitimizes and perpetuates them by promoting doctrines that justify the status quo
Provide a Caribbean example of Marxism in religion.
The Anglican Church in Colonial Barbados justified and maintained slavery
What do interactionist theorists focus on regarding religion?
Micro-level interactions and meanings individuals attach to religious experiences
Who emphasized the connection between religious beliefs and economic actions?
Max Weber
What is the significance of the Protestant work ethic according to Weber?
Played a crucial role in the development of capitalism
Provide a Caribbean example of interactionism in religion.
The Hindu festival of Diwali in Trinidad and Tobago
What does the feminist perspective on religion critique?
Patriarchal structures within religious institutions that perpetuate gender inequality
Name two feminist theorists who critique religion.
- Mary Daly
- Nawal El Saadawi
What do feminist theorists advocate for in relation to religious texts?
Re-interpretation in ways that promote gender equality and empower women
Provide a Caribbean example of feminism in religion.
The Rastafarian movement in Jamaica and its treatment of women
What is a key takeaway from the conclusion about the perspectives on religion?
Each perspective offers a unique lens to understand the role of religion in society
