Institutions Flashcards
Power
Ability of person or group to realize it’s own will in group action, even against resistance
Politics
Process in which people make decisions
3 Types of Legitimate Power
1) traditional
2) charismatic
3) rational/legal
Authoritarian
individual in power were not elected
Monarchy
Power with individual
Totalitarian
Strives to regulate public and private life
Democratic
all members of society have equal access to power and enjoys personal freedoms and liberty
Oligarchy
Power rests within some small group of society
Theocracy
Church is head of state
Power Elite
Invisible elite who controls power in a democratic system
Monogomous
Only one spouse
Polygomous
More than one spouse
Polygony
man with more than one wife
Polyandry
Woman with more than one husband
Factors that influence divorce
1) change in laws
2) changes in economy
3) expectations of marriage
Changes in norms are causing the following;
1) rise in single parent households
2) rise in childless households
3) rise in same sex marriages
Homogeneity
Tend to be similar with persons that marry
Endogamy
marrying someone from own group
Homogamy
Marring someone from the same status
Exogamy
Marrying someone on the outside group
Factors that lead to Marriage Pattern
1) Preferences
2) Opportunity
3) Third Party Interference
Preference Theory
- Preferences governed by homophily
- Preferences governed by competition for partner with wealth, attractiveness, power, etc
Exchange; Trade in Attributes
1) status caste
2) division of labor
3) evolutionary
Secularization Theory
Something in religion incompatible with society
Manifest Function
Intended outcome
Latent Function
Unintended outcomes
Hidden Curriculum
Includes everything you learn in education; both stated and unstated
Stereotype Threat
Anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype may reduce performance on test
Tracking
Categorizing students based on performance
Pygmalian
A phenomenon where the higher the expectations on a student, the higher they perform
Suicide Criteria
1) harm self inflicted
2) intent for suicide
Reasons for Underreported Suicides
1) suicide is stigmatized
2) medical examiners facing charges of inaccuracy have little incentive to classify death as suicide
Rights of Sick Role
1) right to be excused from normal and social responsibility
2) sickness is not your fault
Obligations of Sick Role
1) to define being sick as undesirable
2) to seek help and cooperate in getting well
Types of Medicine
1) Folk; related to tradition of culture
2) Alternative; set of practices that cannot be tested
3) Western; scientific medicine, focused on diagnosis, not religious, proven to be effective
