Institutionalisation Flashcards
1
Q
define privation
A
the failure to form an attachment to any individual
due to
- orphaned
- series of different carers
- experienced family arguments
2
Q
rules of orphanage in Hodges and Tizard (1989)
A
- carers could not sensitively interact with the children, so attachments wouldn’t form
- baby = around 50 different caretakers by the age of 4
3
Q
Hodges and Tizrad findings - peer group relationships of the adopted and restored kids
A
- aged 4 = formed attachments with their parents - more attention seeking and overtly friendly to strangers
- aged 8 = majority = close relationships with parents
- aged 16 = 81% adoptive mothers said they felt they had a deep attachment to their child
50% restored children considered deeply attached - adopted had a stronger attachment to their father than the restored group
4
Q
why does the data from Hodges and Tizard finish at age 16
A
chose to stop at 16
- sample attrition reduced = less children in contact throughout = 31 of the 65 participated aged 16
5
Q
two possible long-term effects of institutionalisation
A
- emotional effects = attention seeking behaviours / overt friendliness
- disorganised attachment = insecure, inconsistent pattern of behaviour
- cognitive deficit
6
Q
how did Rutter classify the 165 Romanian orphans
A
adopted before age of 6 months
adopted between 6m - 2 years
adopted after the age of 2 years
7
Q
outline three of Rutter’s findings about how adoptees coped post institution
A
- aged 4 recovered to normal levels of cognitive and physical development
- aged 6 many made good recoveries = many with attachment disorders
correlation found between those adopted later having a higher level of disinhibited attachment - negative correlation between age of adoption and rate of recovery
- aged 11 some made recoveries - roughly half who had been identified as having an attachment disorder were classified as disturbed
8
Q
what is a disinhibited attachment
A
children select attachment figures indiscriminately - attention seeking
