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INST 335 > INST 317 - Module 1 & 2 > Flashcards

INST 317 - Module 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Steps to program PLC/RTU

A
  1. Control Strategy/Narrative
  2. Tags, I/O
  3. Controller type
  4. Program
  5. Test and Download
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2
Q

number of physical SCADAPACK 32 AI

A

8 30001-30008 Input

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3
Q

number of physical SCADAPACK 32 DI

A

16 10001-10015 Status

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4
Q

number of physical SCADAPACK 32 DO

A

12 1-12 Coil

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5
Q

What are the Coil registers in a SCADAPack 32 and type of I/O

A

00001-04096
DO

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6
Q

What are the Status registers in a SCADAPack 32 and type of I/O

A

10001-14096
DI

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7
Q

What are the Input registers in a SCADAPack 32 and type of I/O

A

30001-39999
AI

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8
Q

What are the Holding registers in a SCADAPack 32 and type of I/O

A

40001-49999
AO

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9
Q

Which type of I/O are readable only and which types are
read//write

A

Read Only - AI/DI
Read/Write - AO/DO

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10
Q

For timers what are:
The preset value
The accumulated value
The time base

A

The preset value
(Which is the constant number of seconds the timer times to, before being energized or de-energized)

The accumulated value (Which is the number of seconds which records how long the timer has been actively timing)

The time base (Which indicated the accuracy in seconds to which the timer
operates e.g. 1 second, 0.1 seconds and even 0.01 seconds)

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11
Q

What is a retentive timer?

A

Accumulator holds value even if input goes to low

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12
Q

3 Types of timers

A

ON delay
Off Delay
Retentive

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13
Q

3 Types of Counters

A

CTU - Count up
CTD - count down
CTUD - count up down

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14
Q

5 Parts of a SCADA system

A
  1. Feild devices
  2. RTU
  3. Communications
  4. MTU
  5. User Interface
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15
Q

Describe the function of SCADA

A
  1. Display
  2. Trend (history)
  3. Alarms
  4. Reporting
  5. Animation
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16
Q

5 Parts of a SCADA system

A

Field-level instruments
Marshalling terminals and RTUs
Communications
Master Station
Commercial data processing system

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17
Q

Describe the function of SCADA

A

Alarm management and areas of responsibility
Trending and plotting
Reporting
Event recording (Audit Trails)
Display Building

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18
Q

difference between RS232 RS485

A

RS232 is only point to point
RS485 is point to multipoint

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19
Q

Max Distance for 1-5V
Max Distance for RS232

A

15m

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20
Q

Max Distance for Rs485

A

1200m

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21
Q

Ethernet

A

100m

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22
Q

What is the function of WDT

A

Watch dog timer
Ensure the CPU of the system has not frozen

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23
Q

What is a sink or source in terms of a modules

A

Sink - Draws from a source
Source - Outputs

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24
Q

What are the horizontal and vertical lines of ladder logic called

A

Horizontal - Rung
Vertical - Rail

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25
Q

Define SCADA

A

A system containing a number of RTUs that collect field data and which are connected to the Master station, using a communications system

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26
Q

DCS

A

The data acquisition and control functions performed by a number of microprocessor-based units, distributed by the devices being controlled

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27
Q

PLC

A

A programmable logic controller that uses ladderlogic software and solid state electronic modules for both input and output

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28
Q

OPC

A

Object Process Control

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29
Q

OLE

A

Object Linking and Embedding

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30
Q

What is an Isolated card and what are the types

A

Input kept separate from the card
Optical, Relay and Transformer

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31
Q

CSMA

A

Carrier select multiple access

32
Q

AI_1 unity pro address

A

%IWO.4.0 - %IWO.4.5

33
Q

DO_1 unity pro address

A

%QO.3.0 - %QO.3.14

34
Q

Modbus may have ___ salve adress

A

247

35
Q

field bus protocol includes

A

digital signals using digital transmitter
if FF comms fail loop fails

36
Q

token passing protcol with a large number data transfer is:

A

relatively slow

37
Q

the shield on belden cable must be grounded at

A

the receiver

38
Q

most common form of digital communication

A

serial

39
Q

most common form of digital communication

A

serial

40
Q

modbus uses what method for media access

A

polling

41
Q

demodulation is what?

A

separation of data from a carrier signal

42
Q

8 bit extended ascii consists of

A

256 distinct characters

43
Q

4 areas of improvement in SCADA

A

Rapid improvement in LAN technology for master stations
Man machine interface
Remote terminal units
Communications

44
Q

how to connect shield?

A

connect only 1 end

45
Q

What is Function code 01

A

read discrete output

46
Q

What is Function code 05

A

write single discrete output

47
Q

What is Function code 15

A

write multiple discrete outputs

48
Q

What is Function code 02

A

read discrete input

49
Q

What is Function code 04

A

read input register

50
Q

What is Function code 03

A

read analog output

51
Q

What is Function code 06

A

write single analog output

52
Q

What is Function code 16

A

write multiple analog output

53
Q

What 5 components make up an analog in

A

Input multiplexer
Input signal amplifier
Sample and hold circuit
A/D converter
Bus interface and board timing system

54
Q

Analog output module typical has

A

8 analog outputs
Resolution of 8 or 12 bits
Conversion rates of 10 microseconds to 30 milliseconds
Outputs range from 4.20 mA +- 10 volts

55
Q

typical analog input has

A

8 or 16 analog inputs
Resolution of 8 or 12 bits
Range of 4-20mA
Input resistance of 240 Kohms to 1 Mohm
Conversion rates of 10 microseconds to 30 milliseconds
Inputs are generally single ended

56
Q

what is a dry contact card

A

card has power supplied from the terminal strip on the card.

57
Q

what is an isolated card

A

card has power supplied from an external power supply

58
Q

Describe the operating and safety conditions for power sources

A

Operating Temp: -40 to + 75 C.
Use rechargable lithium battery to provide more reliable clock backup.
Some RTUs have multiple auxiliary voltage outputs to provide power to communication modems and sensors,
some of these outputs are adjustable via RTU application.
Heat convention cooling help maitaining the internal tempreture in the power supply and hence boost its operating reliability.
Controlled powerline to DO modules enables centralized inhibiting of all relay outputs in the selected DO modules.
Short current limit on the outputs help protecting the power supply and backup battery in case malfunction of the connected devices.
Status LED’s in the front panel helps simple and visyual indication of the power supply out put connections and detecting some types of malfunctions.
Automatically switches the power suppply operation to the backup battery when the main power source fails Upon main power’s availability (reconnection) the power supply provides automatic switchjover to main power and start recharging the backup battery.
Optimized temprature compensated charging provides over charging protection and over disharge and overheating protection of the backup battery.

59
Q

Summarize the causes of leaks in a pipeline

A

Pipeline corrosion and wear
Operation outside of design limits
Unintentional third party damage
Intentional damage

60
Q

Failure to detect leaks can be broken into 4 loss categories

A

Loss of life and property
Loss of product and downtime to fix pipeline
Environmental impact
Fines and legal suits

61
Q

Describe the main methods used in detection of gas and/or oil
leaks in a pipeline

A

Physical inspection of the area
Add an odorant
Line flow calculations
Line pressure measurement
Noise detection

62
Q

Describe the main methods used in detection of gas and/or oil
leaks in a pipeline

A

Pigging
Computer based

63
Q

what is pipeline leak Noise detection

A

There is an increase in noise of the pipeline when there is a leak

64
Q

AGA No. 3 and AGA No. 7

A

are methods of calculation gas flow.

65
Q

AGA reports are used to describe

A

how to measure the flow of natural gas.

66
Q

AGA 8 was published in

A

1985 and revised in 1992

67
Q

AGA Report No. 7

A

Measurement of gas by axial-flow turbine meters

68
Q

AGA Report No. 3

A

Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and other hydrocarbon fluids
1985 version
Developed for pipe-tap orifice meters
1992 version
Developed only for flange-tap orifice meters
Calls for use of AGA No. 8 to calculate supercompressibility

69
Q

AGA Report No. 8 – 1985 Version

A

Allows for variations in gas compositions
Gas analysis should fall into a range of values provided in the report.
Allows for an alternate method which uses a partial gas composition.

70
Q

AGA Report No. 8 – 1992 Version

A

Allows for wide variations in gas compositions
Gas analysis should fall into a normal range of values or an expanded range of values.

71
Q

RTUs should be able to handle multiple communication media

A

RS-232/RS-442/RS-485
Dial-up
Microwave
Satellite
Radio

72
Q

There are to typical network configurations for wireless telemetry
radio-based systems

A

Point-to-point
Point-to-multi-point

73
Q

Point-to-point is the

A

simplest set-up, one stations is setup as the master and the other is the slave to allow for data to be exchanged between two station

74
Q

Polled system

A

Master is in total control and makes regular polls of the data (sends and receives data) to each slave in sequence
Slave responds to the master only when a request is received
Also known as half-duplex

75
Q

Describe Satellite communication methods

A

Satellite – fixed services (point-to-point) provide microwave radio technology, consists of two main components, the ground segment which is a fixed or mobile transmission, reception, and ancillary equipment and the space segment which is the actual satellite

76
Q

Describe Microwave communication methods

A

Wider bandwidth
Faster data speeds
Multiple links allow for redundant paths
Usually has Txfer/Rxfer redundancy
Higher Cost

77
Q
A

INST 335 (2 decks)

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