Insomnia

Question 1

What is insomnia?

Answer 1

Difficulty in getting to sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, early wakening, or non-restorative sleep which occurs despite adequate opportunity for sleep and results in impaired daytime functioning.

Question 2

What are the daytime symptoms of Insomnia?

Answer 2

poor concentration, mood disturbance, and fatigue

Question 3

What is short term insomnia?

Answer 3

symptoms occurre for less than 3-months (typically a few days or weeks).

Question 4

What is Chronic insomnia?

Answer 4

Insomnia symptoms occurring on at least 3 nights per week for three months or more.

Question 5

What is Primary insomnia?

Answer 5

insomnia not attributable to an underlying cause

Question 6

What is secondary insomnia?

Answer 6

insomnia due to a comorbid condition.

Question 7

What are the three stages of NREM sleep?

Answer 7

N1–N3 which merge into each other, forming a continuum of decreasing cortical and behavioural arousal. Stage N3 represents the deepest phase of sleep and is also termed delta sleep (DS) due to the production of delta waves in the brain during this stage

Question 8

What is REM sleep and what is it characterised by?

Answer 8

Rapid eye movement sleep. It is characterised by fast activity similar to that found in the alert conscious state, and the eyes show rapid, jerky movements, increased peripheral autonomic activity, which may result in changes in blood pressure, heart rate and respiration as well as sexual arousal

Question 9

What are some complications of insomnia?

Answer 9

Cognitive difficulties- Impaired memory, attention and concentration
Decrease QOL and functioning
Psychiatric complications- increase risk of depression and anxiety
Medical complications- increased risk of cvd and t2dm

Question 10

Treatments for Insomnia?

Answer 10

Benzodiapines
Z-hypnotics
Sedating antihistamines