Inside the atom

Question 1

What is the mass number of an atom?

Answer 1

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus

Question 2

What is the link between protons and electrons?

Answer 2

They are the same number
(Same amount of both in an element)

Question 3

What is a quark?

Answer 3

A particle that makes up of protons and neutrons

Question 4

What are the 6 types of quarks?

Answer 4

Up, down, charm, strange, top and bottom

Question 5

Half-life

Answer 5

The time taken for something to half its quantity

Question 6

What is a half life of a radio isotope?

Answer 6

The time taken for a radio isotope to decay by half

Question 7

What does a Geiger counter detect?

Answer 7

Radiation

Question 8

The 3 subatomic particles and their charge

Answer 8

Proton - positive charge
Electron - negative charge
Neutron - no charge

Question 9

What is an isotope?

Answer 9

A form of an element that contains the same amount of protons, but a different number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 10

What is the difference between a nuclear and a chemical reaction?

Answer 10

Nuclear reactions involve a change in the atom’s nucleus, whereas and chemical reaction involve only a rearrangement of electrons

Question 11

What is the difference between fission and fusion?

Answer 11

Fission is the process of of an atom splitting into 2 or more smaller one, while fusion is the process of 2 or more smaller atoms fussing to make a bigger one.

Question 12

What are the 3 types of radiation?

Answer 12

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

Question 13

What can stop Alpha radiation?

Answer 13

A few sheets of paper

Question 14

What can stop Beta radiation?

Answer 14

A few millimeters of aluminum

Question 15

What can stop Gamma radiation?

Answer 15

Several feet of concrete or a few inches of lead

Question 16

2 facts about Alpha radiation?

Answer 16

They have a positive charge and can only travel a few cm in the air

Question 17

2 facts about Beta radiation?

Answer 17

Can cause skin burns and is harmful if radiation enters the body

Question 18

2 facts about Gamma radiation?

Answer 18

Has the smallest wavelength and the most energy

Question 19

The law of conservation of mass

Answer 19

Matter cannot be created or destroyed
The mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction.

Question 20

Einstein’s famous formula

Answer 20

E = mc2
E for energy
M for mass
C for speed of light

Question 21

What does a radioactive atom look like?

Answer 21

Emmiting particles and energy

Question 22

Where does the independent variable go on a graph?

Answer 22

On the X - axis

Question 23

What is a radioactive atom?

Answer 23

An unstable atom that seeks to get more stable

Question 24

What happens when an unstable nucleus breaks down?

Answer 24

It emits radiation and a new atom and element is formed. This is called radioactive decay

Question 25

What does Hydrogen look like and how is it used?

Answer 25

Colourless, odourless non-metal Used in fuel cells to generate electricity, power and heat

Question 26

What does Helium look like and how is it used?

Answer 26

Colourless, odourless gas Used in balloons

Question 27

What does Lithium look like and how is it used?

Answer 27

Soft, silvery-white metal In rechargeable batteries for mobile phones

Question 28

What is the structure of electron shells

Answer 28

2, 8, 8, 32

Question 29

What are the subatomic particles of beryllium?

Answer 29

4 electrons, 4 protons and 5 neutrons

Question 30

What is the electron configuration of aluminium?

Answer 30

2, 8, 3

Question 31

What is the electron configuration of potassium?

Answer 31

2, 8, 8, 1

Question 32

Draw what H20 looks like bonded at atomic level using electron configuration. What type of bonding is this?

Answer 32

https://mammothmemory.net/chemistry/chemical-bonding/chemical-bonding-an-introduction/chemical-bonding-an-introduction.html Covalent bonding