Insecticide Poisoning Flashcards
What medication is used to treat
Bronchorrhea and/or bronchospasm caused by an organophosphae
Atropine
Chapter 16, page 223
Airway clearance for patients with organophosphate poisoning may require…
Coninual suctioning because of excessive salivation.
Chapter 16, page 223
Organophosphate patients with seizures refractory to Midazolam may respond to which medications.
Atropine
Pralidoxime
Chapter 16, page 224
Pralidoxime
Indications
Organophosphate poisoning
Can be effective even if started within 24 - 48 hours after exposure.
Chapter 17, page 232
Pralidoxime in Carbamate poisoning
Controversial for carbamate poisoning, however should be administered if agent is unkown.
Also should be given for patients with significant nicotinic toxicity.
Data suggesting that pralidoxime increased the toxicity of carbamate insecticide caarbaryl are based on limite animal studies.
Chapter 17, page 232
Pralidoxime
Complications
Used cautiously in myasthenia gravis as it can cause myasthenic crisis.
Chapter 17, page 232
Pralidoxime
Dosage
1 to 2 g, IV or IO over 15 to 30 minutes can repeat after 1 hour if weakness or fasciculations not resolved.
Infusion 10 mg/kg/h continuous maintenance IV or IO infusion for 24 hours after the initial bolus.
Chapter 17, page 233
Pralidoxime
Dosage
IM
600 mg every 15 minutes up to a total of 1800 mg.
For severe signs and symptoms
600 mg x 3 or 1800 mg
Chapter 17, page 235
Pralidoxime
Mechanism of Action
Dephosphorylates (reactivates) phosphorylated (deactivated) cholinesterease that has not irreversibly aged.
Chapter 17, page 236
Atropine
Indications
Organophosphate or carbamate insecticide poisoning
Nerve agen poisoning
Chapter 18, page 242
Atropine
Dosage
1 to 2 mg, IV every 5 minutes until bronchial secretions, bronchospasm and bradycardia are resolved.
Chapter 19, page 243
