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Computer Science Revision > Input, Output and Storage > Flashcards

Input, Output and Storage Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some examples of Input devices

A

Keyboard
Webcams
Magnetic stripe readers
Barcode reads

Touch Screen (input and output)

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2
Q

What are some examples of Output devices

A

Speakers
Printers
Monitors
Projectors

Touch Screen (input and output)

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3
Q

What are some performance factors of input and output devices

A

Speed of data transfer
Accuracy
Cost
Relevance to Task

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4
Q

How does Optical Storage hold data?

A

Read from and written to using lasers.

Binary represented with Pits or Land.
Pits will scatter light, representing 0
Land will reflect light, representing 1

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5
Q

What are examples of Optical Devices?

A

CD
DVD
Blu-Ray

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6
Q

What are CDs?

A

Compact Disc

store small quantities of data

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7
Q

Describe CDs

A

Compact Disc

store small quantities of data - commonly used for audio files, text and images.

Small, thin and light.
Easily damaged

Relatively slow transfer speeds

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8
Q

Describe DVDs

A

Digital Video Disc

High storage capacity - usually stores videos

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9
Q

Describe Blu-Ray

A

5x as much storage as DVDs
Generally used for high-res films

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10
Q

What are the different types of Storage?

A

Optical
Magnetic
Flash

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11
Q

How does Magnetic Storage hold data?

A

Represents binary using two magnetic states, polarised (1) or unpolarised (0)

If an area is polarised, it can be read by a read/write head passing over the region.

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12
Q

What are the different Optical Storages?

A

CD
DVD
Blu-Ray

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13
Q

What are the different Magnetic Storages?

A

Hard Disk Drives
Magnetic Tape
Floppy Disks

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14
Q

Describe Hard Disk drives

A

Rotate magnetic platters at high speeds under a read/write head.

High storage capacity (500GB-5TB)

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15
Q

Describe Magnetic Tape

A

Long stretches of tape wound into reels and passed through readers.

First used to record computer data in 1950s
Popular until 1980s.

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16
Q

Describe Floppy Disks

A

A thin magnetic disk enclosed in plastic to protect the disk from dust and dirt

17
Q

What is Flash memory?

A

Uses silicon semiconductors forming from logic gates NAND and NOR to store charge in two states - high (1) or low (0).

Information stored in Blocks, which combine to form Pages.

NOR is used to store small quantities of data.
NAND is used for larger files - like photos and video.

18
Q

Give an example of Flash storage

A

Solid State Drives (SSD)

19
Q

What are some advantages of Solid State Drives?

A

Light and portable
No moving parts
Very fast data transfer speeds

20
Q

What are some disadvantages of Solid State Drives?

A

Expensive
Limited Lifespan - when a page is written to, the voltage require increases

21
Q

What are some advantages of Floppy Disks?

A

Thin and and low weight - very portable

Typical storage capacity of 1MB

22
Q

What are some disadvantages of Floppy Disks?

A

Dust and Dirt will damage data and can lead to corruption

23
Q

What is a disadvantage of Magnetic Tape?

A

Takes up a lot of space

24
Q

What is a disadvantage of Optical Storage

A

Scratches will damage data

25
Q

What are the disadvantages of Hard Disk Drives?

A

Somewhat slow data transfer speeds

Moving parts - more likely to be damaged by movement (corruption)

26
Q

What is RAM?

A

Random Access Memory

Stores data and programs that the computer is currently using

27
Q

Describe the purpose of RAM and ROM

A

Two types of Primary storage
Store information like code instructions to execute, as well as file which are required by running programs.

28
Q

What are the characteristics of RAM?

A

Fast

Volatile, meaning its contents are deleted when the computer loses power

29
Q

What is ROM?

A

Read-Only Memory

Stores fixed sequences of instructions, such as the computer’s startup routine (bootstrap)

30
Q

What are the characteristics of ROM?

A

Cannot be modified.

Non-volatile, meaning it retains its data even when the computer is powered off.

31
Q

What is Virtual Memory?

A

Information that is stored remotely and can be accessed by any computer with access to the same system, for example over the internet.

Becomes more popular as internet speeds increase.

32
Q

What is are some examples of Virtual Storage?

A

Cloud Storage (Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive)

Networked storage used in schools and offices.

33
Q

What are some disadvantages of Virtual Storage?

A

Cost

Limitations of a user’s network speed.

Computer Science Revision (4 decks)

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