INORGANIC - period 3 Flashcards
appearance and physical properties of sodium?
-metallic, shiny
- conducts electricity
reaction of sodium with acid?
Na + acid —> H2 + salt
reaction of sodium with water? equation and observations
- vigorous reaction
- floats on water
- fizzing
- melts
- exothermic reaction
- ph 13-14
2Na + 2H2O —> 2NaOH + H2
reaction of sodium with oxygen ( equation and observations)
- bright yellow flames
- forms white powder of Na2O
2Na + 0.5O2 —> Na2O
Appearance and physical properties of magnesium?
- metallic
-shiny - conduct electricity
Reaction of magnesium with water (observations and equation)?
- slow reaction
- p.h10
Mg + 2H2O —> H2 + Mg(OH)2
Reaction of Mg with steam?
- faster
Mg + H2O —> MgO + H2
Reaction of magnesium with oxygen (observations and equation)?
- bright white flame
-forms white powder of MgO
2Mg + O2 —-> 2MgO
Appearance and physical properties of aluminium?
- metallic
-shiny
-Best conductor of electricity period 3
Reaction of aluminium with water?
No reaction
Reaction of aluminium with oxygen ( equation and observations)?
- bright flame
- white powder
4Al + 3O2 —> 2Al2O3
Why is aluminium considered on reactive even though the metal itself is reactive?
It is covered by aluminium oxide from where the oxygen has oxidised the surface of aluminium.
Al2O3 is unreactive.
If Al2O3 is scratched, Al reacts rapidly with Air to form a new coat.
Appearance and physical properties of silicon?
- semiconductor
- semi metal
Reaction of silicone with oxygen ( observations and equation)?
- heat strongly
- White powder
Si + O2 —> SiO2
Appearance of physical properties of phosphorus?
Nonmetal
- low melting point
- low boiling point
- does not conduct electricity
- red phosphorus as a crystal structure
-White phosphorus as P4
Reactions of phosphorus excess oxygen (observations and equation)?
- red P needs to be heated significantly
- White P ignite spontaneously in air
- phosphorus pentoxide formed
4P + 5O2 —> P4O10
Reaction of phosphorus in limited oxygen (observations and equation)?
- incomplete combustion: colourless liquid phosphorus trioxide is formed.
4P + 3O2 —> P4O6
appearance and physical properties of sulfur?
- non metal
- low mp and bp
- doesnt conduct electricity
reaction of sulfur with oxygen?
- colourless gas sulfur dioxide is formed. some SO3 is also formed
S + O2 —> SO2
What are the different types of structure and bonding displayed by the period 3 oxides?
Na - ionic lattice
Mg - ionic lattice
Al - ionic lattice with covalent character
Si - giant covalent
P - simple molecular covalent
S - simple molecular covalent
What is the trend in melting points for period 3 oxides?
IONIC - Na2O, MgO, Al2O3 = Mp increases along group due to stronger ionic bonding + stronger electrostatic forces of attraction to O2- ion
Al2O3 < MgO due to covalent character of the bonding
mp continues to decrease for : SiO2,P4O10, SO3, SO2
give all equations of the period 3 oxides’ reaction to water.
Na2O + H2O –> 2NaOH (pH13)
MgO + H2O —> Mg(OH)2 (pH9)
Al2O3 + SiO2 = no reaction
P4O10 + 6H2O —> 4H3PO4 (pH6)
SO2 + H2O —> H2SO3 (pH3)
SO3 + H2O —> H2SO4
