Inorganic chemistry: 10.1 The Halogens Flashcards
Colour and state of Floruine at room temperature?
Fluorine is a pale, yellow gas at room temp.
Colour and state of chlorine at room temp?
Chlorine element at room temperature is a greenish gas
Colour and state of bromine at room temperature?
Bromie is a red-brown liquid at room temperature.
Colour and state of iodine at room temperature.
Iodine is a black solid at room temperature.
What is the general trend of the colour and state down the group?
The elements become darker and denser down the group.
What is the characteristic smell of these elements?
They all have a characterisitc ‘swimming bath smell.’
Why is the F-F bond unexpectedly weak?
The small size of the floruine atom leads to repulsion between non-bonding electrons because they are so close together.
What is the trend of the atomic radii down the group?
The atomic radii increases down the group due to the increase of electron shells.
Define electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract the electron density in a covalent bond.
What are the 3 factors that determines the electronegativity of an atom?
Electronegativity depends on the electrostatic force of attraction between the nuclei and outer-shell bonded electrons.
3 FACTORS THAT DETERMINES THE ELECTRONEGATIVITY OF AN ATOM:
Atomic radii
electron shielding
Nuclear charge
What is the trend of electronegativity in group 7?
Going down the group, electronegativty decreases.
This is because, while nuclear charge increases, this is outweighed by the increase in distance between the nuclei and the outer-shell bonded electrons.
What is the trend of Mp and Bp going down the group?
The mp and bp of elements down group 7 increase. This is because the atoms get larger down the group, hence more electrons and this makes the van der waal forces between the molecule stronger.
The lower the bp the more volatile. Hence, chlorine is gas and bromine is a liquid at room temp.
