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PAP Module 1 > Inorg > Flashcards

Inorg Flashcards

1
Q

Sodium acetate

A

DIURETIC
ANTACID
ALKALINIZING AGENT IN BENEDICT’S SOLUTION

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2
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Baking Soda
ANTACID

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3
Q

Sodium chloride

A

“Table Salt”
“Rock Salt”
CONDIMENT
ORAL REHYDRATING SALT

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4
Q

Sodium Biphosphate

A

“Fleet enema”
STOOL SOFTENER
URINARY ACIDIFIER FOR CYSTITIS

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5
Q

Sodium Carbonate

A

“Anhydrous”- Soda ash
“Dihydrate”- Trona
“Decahydrate”- Sal soda, Washing soda, Soda crystals ANTACID

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6
Q

Sodium hydroxide

A

“Caustic soda”
“Sosa”
“Lye”
SAPONIFYING AGENT (SOAP MAKING)

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7
Q

Sodium Hypochlorite

A

“Dakin’s Solution”
“Chlorox”
DISINFECTANT
BLEACHING AGENT

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8
Q

Sodium Thiosulfate

A

“Photographer’s hypo”
TOGETHER WITH SODIUM NITRATE, IT ACTS AS AN ANTIDOTE TO CYANIDE POISONING

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9
Q

Sodium Tartrate

A

STANDARDIZATION OF KARL FISCHER REAGENT

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10
Q

Potassium Chloride

A

RINGER’S SOLUTION
DARROW’S SOLUTION
ELECTROYTE REPLENISHER

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11
Q

Potassium permanganate

A

“Mineral Chameleon”
VOLUMETRIC SOLUTION AND INDICATOR IN PERMANGANOMETRY
ANTIDOTE IN STRYCHNINE POISONING

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12
Q

Potassium Bitartrate

A

“Cream of tartar”
“Creamor”
ONLY INSOLUBLE SALT OF POTASSIUM

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13
Q

Ammonium ion

A

Haber-Bosch process
HYPOTHETICAL AKALI METAL

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14
Q

Ammonium chloride

A

“Muriate of Hartshorn”
Sal ammoniac
Salmiac
BUFFER FOR ZINC ANALYSIS (COMPLEXATION)

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15
Q

Strong ammonia solution

A

“Stronger Ammonia Water”
“Spirit of Hartshorn”
CONTAINS 27-31% AMMONIA
USED PRIMARILY IN MAKING AMMONIA WATER
INGREDIENT OF AROMATIC SPIRIT OF AMMONIA

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16
Q

Copper

A

only reddish-colored metal
3rd most malleable
3rd best conductor of electricity
salts are blue in color
occcurs in the respiratory pigment hemocyanin and cytochrome oxidase
protein precipitant
enhances absorption of Fe

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17
Q

Wilson’s disease

A

COPPER TOXICITY
S/S: hepatic serosis, jaundice, bloating, brain damage, demyelination, kidney defects

DOC: Penicillamine (Cuprimine)

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18
Q

Copper sulfate (Pentahydrate)

A

“Blue Vitriol” “Blue Stone”
INGREDIENT IN: BENEDICT’S SOLUTION, FEHLING’S SOLUTION, BARFOED’S REAGENT, BORDEAUX MIXTURE
ANTIDOTE FOR PHOSHOROUS POISONING: COPPER SULATE, CALCIUM OXIDE, WATER

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19
Q

Silver

A

has oligodynamic action
inhibit microorganisms in small concentration

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20
Q

Argyria

A

SILVER TOXICITY
DOC: NSS, Sodium Thiosulfate, Potassium ferricyanide

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21
Q

Silver proteinates

A

MILD SILVER PROTEIN: ARGYROL 19-25%
- antiseptic for the eyes
- treatment of vaginitis

STRONG SILVER PROTEIN : PROTARGOL 7.5-8.5%
- potent germicide for ears, throat and bladder

COLLOIDAL SILVER PROTEIN: COLLARGOL 18-22%
- mild antiseptic
- 2% irrigate sinus
- 50% female genital tract antiseptic

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22
Q

Gold

A

King of all metals
Most malleable
Most Ductile
best conductor of electricity
soluble only in AQUA REGIA and SELENIC ACID

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23
Q

Agua regia

A

1 HNO3 : 3 HCl

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24
Q

Gold compounds
AUROTHIOGLUCOSE (IM)

A

BN: Solganal
IND: Rheumatoid arthritis, Gout

25
Q

Gold compounds
GOLD SODIUM THIOMALATE (IM)

A

BN: Miochrysine
IND: Rheumatoid arthritis, Gout, SLE

26
Q

Gold compounds
AURANOFIN (PO)

A

BN: RidAURA
Main S/E: Glossitis

27
Q

Magnesium

A

2nd most abundant intracellular cation
metal present in chlorophyll
component of Grignard reagent

THERAPEUTIC USES
insoluble compounds= gastric antacids
SO4 compound= anticolvulsant
conc SO4= topical anti-inflammatory
Stearate= lubricant

28
Q

Magnesium oxide

A

“Calcined magnesia”
“Magnesia”
“Light magnesia”

COMPONENT OF THE UNIVERSAL ANTIDOTE: MAGNESIUM OXIDE, ACTIVATED CHARCOAL, TANNIC ACID

29
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

“Epsom salt”
PO: LAXATIVE
IM: ANTICONVULSANT
ANTIDOTE IN BARIUM AND BARBITURATE TOXICITY

30
Q

Calcium

A

2nd most abundant extracellular cation
cation of hydrocyapatite
Vitamin D is need for its absorption

Natural sources: dolomite, fluorite, gypsum (selenite or Calcium sulfate), Phosphate rock

31
Q

Calcium sulfate

A

“Plaster of Paris”
“Gypsum”
DILUENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPRESSED TBALETS USED TO MANUFACTURE DENTAL IMPRESSIONS AND SURGICAL CASTS

32
Q

Zinc

A

metal present in insulin
Deficiency: Parakeratosis
Toxicity: Metal Fume Fever
Antidote: Sodium Bicarbonate

33
Q

Itai-itai disease

A

CADMIUM TOXICITY
ANTIDOTE: BRITISH ANTI-LEWISITE

34
Q

Cadmium chloride

A

txt of tinea infections

35
Q

Cadmium sulfide

A

yellow sulfide
anti-seborrheic
Capsebon

36
Q

Cadmium sulfate

A

ophthalmic antiseptic

37
Q

Mercury

A

“Hydragyrum, Quicksilver, Liquid Silver”
Natural source: Cinnabar
present in thermometers and amalgams

38
Q

Minamata disease

A

MECURY TOXICITY
ANTIDOTE: Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, BAL, Penicillamine

39
Q

BORON POISONING

A

Boiled lobster appearance

40
Q

Aluminum

A

“Ladd’s paste”
most abundant of all metals
3rd most abundant element
SOURCE: CRYOLITE

gastric antacid (S/E: constipation)
antiperspirant, deodorant
antiseptic

41
Q

ALUMINUM POISONING

A

Shaver’s disease

42
Q

Alum

A

“Alumina”
2 types: Ammonium and Potassium
TREATMENT OF SILICOSIS

43
Q

THALLIUM POISONING

A

Green tongue and alopecia

44
Q

Carbon

A

2 FORMS:
1. Crystalline: diamond and graphite
2. Amorphous

45
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

210 times affinity to hemoglobin
death is due to asphyxia

TREATMENT: 100% OXYGEN, OXYGEN-HELIUM MIXTURE OR HYPERBARIC OXYGEN

46
Q

SILICON TOXICITY

A

Silicosis
ANTIDOTE: Inhalation of
Aluminum oxide dust

47
Q

Tin

A

used in manufacture of cans and utensils
germicidal effect against Staphylococci
txt of acne, furunculosis

48
Q

Alloys of tin

A

PEWTER (green): 80% Tin + 20% Pb
GUN METAL (Red): 10% Tin + 90% Cu
ROSE METAL (Orange): 25% Tin + 25% Pb + 50% Bi SOLDER (Blue): 50% Tin + 50% Pb

49
Q

Stannous fluoride

A

Crest toothpaste
ANTICARIOGENIC 8% SOLUTION
MUST BE FRESHLY PREPARED BECAUSE IT CAN BE EASILY OXIDIZED

50
Q

LEAD TOXICITY

A

Plumbism
ACCUMULATES EASILY IN GIT AND BROKEN SKIN
ANTIDOTE: EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), British Anti-Lewisite, Succimet

51
Q

Titanium oxide

A

OPACIFYING AGENT IN CAPSULES
USED IN CONTACT LENSES
SOLAR RAY PROTECTIVE IN SUNBLOCK AND SUNTAN LOTION

52
Q

Nitrogen

A

“w/o life”
“azote”
Mephitic air
colorless, odorless, tasteless, INERT GAS most abundant gas in air (71%)
most stable among the diatomic molecules

53
Q

Nitrous oxide

A

“Laughing gas”
stored in blue container

GENERAL ANESTHETIC (VIA INHALATION)
S/E: HYPOXIA

54
Q

Bismuth

A

“Beautiful meadow”
used in silvering mirror

Pcologic use: astringent, antiseptic, mucoprotectant in Peptic ulcer disease

55
Q

Tantalum

A

used in sheet form for surgical repair of bones
does not affect tissues

56
Q

Oxygen

A

“dephlogisticated air (by Priestley)
Gk word: “acid former”

3 allotropes: Nascent, Molecular, Ozone

57
Q

5 official gases

A

1.Nitrogen
2.Oxygen
3.Carbon dioxide
4. Helium
5.Nitrous Oxide

58
Q

Selenium

A

imprtant trace element
synergistic with Vit E
antioxidant

59
Q

Selenium sulfide

A

“Selsun blue”
ANTIDANDRUFF
ANTISEBORRHEIC

PAP Module 1 (2 decks)

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