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OS Exam II > Inominate > Flashcards

Inominate Flashcards

1
Q

Important Role of the Pelvis

A
  1. Body support
  2. Locomotion
  3. Maintain stability by. distributing the effects of mass, gravity. and mechanical forces.
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2
Q

How is weight from upper and lower body direct?

A
  • weight of the. upper. body is directed through the spine and axial skeleton downward
  • and resistance to forces from below, forming a balance at the pelvis.
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3
Q

pelvis cradles what

A

GI system

GU system

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4
Q

How is the pelvis imporant in lymphatics and vascular shit?

A

Contains the vascular and lymphatic structures for all of the pelvic contents and circulatory pathways for structures below.

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5
Q

What are significant structures that influence LE circulation and drainage?

A

pelvic diaphragm

inguinal. area

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6
Q

Pelvis maintains a. critical role in:

A
    1. Biochemical function and balance; it is the foundation for body support and locomotion
    1. Reproduction (has our. genital structures)
    1. Elimination via out GI and GU syste,
    1. Vascular and lymphatic functions
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7
Q

Anatomy. of innominate

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Pubis
  3. Ischium
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8
Q

Acetabulum is made up of what?

A

bone from 3 different. ossification centers

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9
Q

What aer the joints of the pelvis?

A

SI,

Acetabulum (hip joint)

pubic symphysis

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10
Q

“True” ligaments

A

go from bone to bone

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11
Q

◦“Accessory” ligaments

A

attach at another

  • ligament,
  • tendon
  • fascia
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12
Q

Characteristics of of ligaments (4)

A
  1. Limit abnormal or excessive movements at a joint
  2. Permit normal motion
  3. Slightly elastic
  4. Prevent excessive movement as part of a reflex response
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13
Q

Major pelvic L located anterior

A
  1. Sacrospinous (sacrum -> ischial spine) -> blends in with sacrotuberous -> forms part of origin of coccygeus m.
  2. Iliolumbar
  3. Anterior sacroilac
  4. Inguinal L (ASIS -> superior pubic rami)
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14
Q

Major pelvic L located posterior

A
  1. Sacrotuberous (sacrum -> ischial tuberosity)
  2. Posterior sacroiliac L
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15
Q

Lumbosacral Ligaments (4)

A
  1. Iliolumbar
  2. Sacrospinous
  3. Sacrotuberous
  4. Posterior sacroiliac L.
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16
Q

name that L

  • glut max, tendon of the biceps formis attaches
  • connects with fascia of the pelvis.
A

glut max atta

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17
Q

Fx of iliolumbar L

A

Stabilizes L5

  • Stabilize anterior mtion of the lower lumbar spine
  • restrict anterior and rotary motion of L5
  • blends in with upper part of anterior SI L
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18
Q

It gives origin to the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles.

name that L

A

inguinal L

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19
Q

What. prevents the sacrum from popping out anteriorly?

A

Anterior SI L

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20
Q

major bond between the bones, filling the irregular space posterosuperior to the joint.

• Covered posteriorly by the posterior sacroiliac ligament.

A

Interosseous Sacroiliac Ligament

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21
Q

What forces skeep the symphysis together?

A

1. Extremely strong posterior L

2. Articulation at the SI joint.

22
Q

During. a heel strike, the right leg glides forward and this is aided by the right innominate rotating __________.

  • ◦ Contralateral innominate rotates _________
  • ◦ _______ and ________ were contracted to flex the LE at the hip
  • ◦ _________ contraction and motion of the swing phase both act upon the innominate to cause _______ rotation.
A
  1. posterior
  2. anterior
  3. Iliopsoas and quadriceps femoris

4. Iliopsoas

  1. Posterior
23
Q

During a toe off of the R leg:

The body does a controlled fall forward with the _____ leg gliding forwards and _______ rotation of the innominate is mainly a passive process.

  • ◦ Contralateral innominate rotates ________, mainly an active process
  • ◦ _________ relaxation allows anterior rotation of the innominate with _______ & ______ contraction to extend the LE at the hip
  • ◦ Ipsilateral _______and _______ aids anterior innominate rotation
A
  1. Left
  2. anterior
  3. Posterior
  4. Iliopasoas
  5. Glut max
  6. hamstrings
  7. erector spinae m.
  8. Quadratus lumborn
24
Q
  • Flexors – ___at the hip, ____act at hip and knee
  • External rotators – ___
  • Adductors – ____ (plus ___ minor)
  • Abductors – ____
  • Extensors – ___
A

•Flexors – 2 at the hip, 2 act at hip and knee

  • External rotators – 6
  • Adductors – 3 (plus 2 minor)
  • Abductors – 3

•Extensors – 4

25
Q

Name the hip flexors

A

2 major: iliacus and psoas ms.

2 minor: rectus femoris and sartorius

26
Q

Something. wrong with. [rectus femoris, iliacus or ipsilateral adductor group] can cause what?

A
  1. Anterior rotation of the innominate
  2. inferior shear at pubes
27
Q

What are your extensor ms?

A
  1. Glut max
  2. Hamstrings
  • Biceps femoris
  • semitendinosis
  • semimembranous
28
Q

Hamstring tention can cause what?

A

Posteiror rotation of innominate

29
Q

Hip Adductors

A

5 Major Hip Muscle Groups

• Major
1.Ad. Magnus

2.Ad. Brevis

3. Ad. Longus

• Minor

1.Gracilis

2.Pectineus

30
Q

Hip abductors

A

1. TFL

2. Glut med.

3. Glut min.

31
Q

Trendelenburg’s Sign is a test used to determine whether the patient has adequate hip ______ strength, particularly of the ______

A

abductor

gluteus medius

32
Q

What causes. a trendlenburg gait?

A

weak abductor muscles of LL: glut med, glut min which are supplied by the superior gluteal N (L5)

33
Q

Hip external rotators

A

1. Piriformis M.

2. Obturator internus and externus m

3. Supior and inferior gemellis

4. Quadratus femoris m.

34
Q

What is the only. hip rotator that connectects DIRECTLY to the sacrum

A

piriformis m.

35
Q

What are the fx of pirformis m.

A

Depends on the position of the hip:

  1. When hip is flexed -> it is a aBDuctor
  2. When hip is extended ->it is a external rotator
36
Q

examples of secondary. m. attachments

A

1. rectus abdominus

2. Tranversus abdominis

3. IO and EO

4.. Quadratus lumborum

37
Q

What. forms the ganglion impar?

A

Sacral sympathteic trunk

38
Q

What are the autonomic nerves of the pelvis?

A

1. Sacral sympathetic trunk

2. Pelvic splanchnic (s2-S4)

3. inferior hypogastric plexus

39
Q

Lumbar plexus

Sacral plexus

Coccygeal plexys

A

Lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

Sacral plexus (L5-S4)

Coccygeal plexus (S5- coccygeal N)

40
Q

what hapoens if we have dysfuntion of quadratus lumborum?

A

make us feel like we pulled a. groin or hernia,

by irritation [ilioinguinal and iliohypostraic nerves (L1) aas they. pass anterior to the muscle.

41
Q

What is the gravitational line?

A
  1. auditory. meatus
  2. acromium
  3. Greater trochanter
  4. Body of L3
  5. Anteiror 1/3 os sacrum
  6. Lateral condyle of the knee
  7. Lateral malleous
42
Q

what odes it. mean when innominate shears

A

one innominate moves superior or inferior relative to other one

43
Q

least reliable antrioer palpatory landmark

A

heights of medial malleli

44
Q

___________ required for diagnosis of pubic somatic dysfunction or subluxatio

A

pubic tubercles

45
Q

________________ are used in diagnosis when a “small hemipelvis”

  • one side of the pelvis is congenitally smaller than the other.
A

ischial tuberosities

46
Q

What. tells us?

Which side of the pelvis is dysfunctional?

A

LAterilization test: standing flexion or ASIS compression

47
Q

What. tells us?

What part of the pelvis is dysfunctional

A

Iliac Crest
ASIS
Pubic Tubercles P

SIS
Medial malleoli

Possible Ischial tuberosity

palpation of landmarks

48
Q

Anterior Innominate Rotation

A

ASIS is inferior
◦ PSIS is superior
◦ Iliac Crest is level
◦ Medial Malleolus is inferior (long)

49
Q

Posterior Innominate Rotation

A

ASIS is superior
◦ PSIS is inferior
◦ Iliac Crest is level
◦ Medial Malleolus is superior (short)

50
Q

in an innominate inflare,

the somatic side will have a

_____ distance from ASIS -> midline

A

shorter

51
Q

for pubic shears palpate what?

A

Superior part of pubic ramus

OS Exam II (7 decks)

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