Innervation and Vasculature Flashcards
Cranial nerves 1-4 and general functions
1 - Olfactory (smell)
2 - Optic (vision)
3 - Oculomotor (4 eye muscles, accommodation)
4 - Trochlear (superior oblique)
Cranial nerves 5-8 and general functions
5 - Trigeminal (sensation from face and oral cavity, motor for MOM)
6 - Abducens (lateral rectus)
7 - Facial (taste, muscles of facial expression, secretion of lacrimal, mucosal, and salivary glands)
8 - Vestibulocochlear (hearing and equilibrium)
Cranial nerves 9-12 and general functions
9 - Glossopharyngeal (sensation from pharynx, taste, pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland)
10 - Vagus (sensation from pharynx and larynx, taste, muscles of palate/pharynx/larynx, PSP to thorax/abdomen
11 - Spinal accessory (Trapezius, SCM)
12 - Hypoglossal (tongue muscles)
Origin of CN I
Olfactory bulb - in olfactory sulcus between orbital gyri of frontal lobe
Origin of CN II
Tract that unites in optic chiasm in front of infundibulum of pituitary gland
Origin of CN III-XII
Brainstem
Make-up of brainstem anterior to posterior
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla oblongota
Peripheral nerve fiber classification
Afferent somatic (external environment) Afferent visceral (internal environment) Efferent somatic (skeletal muscles) Efferent visceral (cardiac, SM, glands)
Visceral efferent subdivided into:
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
3 bonus categories of cranial nerves
Special somatic afferent (Vision, hearing, balance)
Special visceral afferent (smell, taste)
Special visceral efferent (branchial efferents)
Branchiomeric muscle examples
MOM
Muscles of facial expression
Sensory/motor/both mnemonic
Some say money matters but my brothers say big brains matter more
Type of fibers CN I
Special visceral afferent
” CN II
Special somatic afferent
” CN III
General somatic efferent
General visceral efferent
” CN IV
General somatic efferent
” CN V
General somatic afferent
Special visceral efferent
” CN VI
General somatic efferent
” CN VII
General somatic afferent General visceral afferent General visceral efferent Special visceral afferent Special visceral efferent
” CN VIII
Special somatic afferent
” CN IX
General somatic afferent General visceral afferent General visceral efferent Special visceral afferent Special visceral efferent
” CN X
General somatic afferent General visceral afferent General visceral efferent Special visceral afferent Special visceral efferent
” CN XI
Special visceral efferent
” CN XII
General somatic efferent
Efferent fiber central connection and cell bodies location
Within same nucleus in CNS
Afferent cell bodies location
Ganglia outside CNS
Trigeminal ganglion name + what fibers
Gasserian ganglion
General somatic afferents
Facial ganglion name + what fibers
Geniculate ganglion
Special visceral afferents
SP cell bodies
Spinal cord T1-L2
Postganglionic Sp in head supplies _____
BV muscle SM and skin glands Large salivary glands Nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx glands and BVs Pupil dilator
PSP innervate ____ in the head
Ciliary muscle
Sphincter pupillae
Glandular secretion
Postganglionic PSP fibers in trigeminal nerve
Ciliary V1
Pterygopalatine V2
Submandibular V3
Otic V3
CN V special visceral efferent do what?
Innervate MOM, muscle of pharynx and larynx
CN V general somatic afferent do what?
Transmit somatic sensation from face and mucous membranes of cranial viscera
NOT pharynx and base of tongue
Where is trigeminal ganglion
Depression in petrous portion of temporal bone (trigeminal cave)
Foramen for V
V1 = superior orbital fissure V2 = foramen rotundum V3 = foramen ovale
V1 3 main branches
Nasociliary
Frontal
Lacrimal
Nasociliary function
Cornea Iris Ciliary body Skin lower eyelid Mucosa of ethmoid/sphenoid/frontal sinus Nasal cavity
Frontal function
Skin upper eyelid
Skin lower and middle forehead
Lacrimal function
Lacrimal gland
Lateral upper eyelid
V1 w/ ____ branches for _____
5
Cutaneous innervation
____ terminal branches of frontal nerve are ____
2
Supraorbital nerve
Supratrochlear nerve
Supraorbital function
Forehead
Upper eyelid
Supratrochlear function
Small area of forehead
Medial eyelid
____ terminal branches of Nasociliary are ____
2
Infratrochlear
Anterior ethmoidal
Infratrochlear function
Skin over nose and medial upper eyelid
External nasal nerve comes from ____ and does ____
Anterior ethmoid
Skin of nose below nasal bones
Lacrimal function
Lateral part upper eyelid
Where do V2 branches come off at?
Pterygopalatine fossa
Pterygopalatine V2 courses where
Leaves V2 and goes down –> enters pterygopalatine ganglion –> goes down through pterygopalatine canal –> becomes greater and lesser palatine nerves
Greater palatine foramen and function
Greater palatine foramen
Mucous membrane of posterior hard palate and soft palate
Lesser palatine foramen and function
Lesser palatine foramen
Soft palate, uvula, tonsils
Nasopalatine courses where and supplies what
Branches at pterygopalatine ganglion –> through sphenopalatine foramen to nasal cavity –> nasal septum –> emerges through incisive canal
Anterior hard palate
Infraorbital terminal branch of ____
Maxillary nerve proper
Infraorbital courses where and supplies what
Pterygopalatine fossa –> inferior orbital fissure –> infraorbital canal and foramen
Skin of lower eyelid
Skin on side of nose, upper lip
Labial gingiva maxillary anterior
Skin anterior cheek
Superior alveolar nerve branches
Branches off of
PSA
MSA
ASA
Infraorbital nerve
When do the superior alveolar nerve branches branch
PSA: Off of V2 before entering orbit
MSA: Within infraorbital canal
ASA: Within infraorbital canal
PSA, MSA, and ASA forms ____
Superior dental plexus
3 V2 branches for cutaneous innervation
Infraorbital
Zygomaticofacial (cheek)
Zygomatiotemporal (temple)
