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Surgical Anatomy > Innervation and Vasculature > Flashcards

Innervation and Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves 1-4 and general functions

A

1 - Olfactory (smell)
2 - Optic (vision)
3 - Oculomotor (4 eye muscles, accommodation)
4 - Trochlear (superior oblique)

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2
Q

Cranial nerves 5-8 and general functions

A

5 - Trigeminal (sensation from face and oral cavity, motor for MOM)
6 - Abducens (lateral rectus)
7 - Facial (taste, muscles of facial expression, secretion of lacrimal, mucosal, and salivary glands)
8 - Vestibulocochlear (hearing and equilibrium)

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3
Q

Cranial nerves 9-12 and general functions

A

9 - Glossopharyngeal (sensation from pharynx, taste, pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland)
10 - Vagus (sensation from pharynx and larynx, taste, muscles of palate/pharynx/larynx, PSP to thorax/abdomen
11 - Spinal accessory (Trapezius, SCM)
12 - Hypoglossal (tongue muscles)

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4
Q

Origin of CN I

A

Olfactory bulb - in olfactory sulcus between orbital gyri of frontal lobe

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5
Q

Origin of CN II

A

Tract that unites in optic chiasm in front of infundibulum of pituitary gland

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6
Q

Origin of CN III-XII

A

Brainstem

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7
Q

Make-up of brainstem anterior to posterior

A

Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla oblongota

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8
Q

Peripheral nerve fiber classification

A 
Afferent somatic (external environment)
Afferent visceral (internal environment)
Efferent somatic (skeletal muscles)
Efferent visceral (cardiac, SM, glands)
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9
Q

Visceral efferent subdivided into:

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

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10
Q

3 bonus categories of cranial nerves

A

Special somatic afferent (Vision, hearing, balance)

Special visceral afferent (smell, taste)

Special visceral efferent (branchial efferents)

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11
Q

Branchiomeric muscle examples

A

MOM

Muscles of facial expression

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12
Q

Sensory/motor/both mnemonic

A

Some say money matters but my brothers say big brains matter more

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13
Q

Type of fibers CN I

A

Special visceral afferent

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14
Q

” CN II

A

Special somatic afferent

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15
Q

” CN III

A

General somatic efferent

General visceral efferent

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16
Q

” CN IV

A

General somatic efferent

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17
Q

” CN V

A

General somatic afferent

Special visceral efferent

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18
Q

” CN VI

A

General somatic efferent

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19
Q

” CN VII

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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20
Q

” CN VIII

A

Special somatic afferent

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21
Q

” CN IX

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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22
Q

” CN X

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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23
Q

” CN XI

A

Special visceral efferent

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24
Q

” CN XII

A

General somatic efferent

25
Efferent fiber central connection and cell bodies location
Within same nucleus in CNS
26
Afferent cell bodies location
Ganglia outside CNS
27
Trigeminal ganglion name + what fibers
Gasserian ganglion General somatic afferents
28
Facial ganglion name + what fibers
Geniculate ganglion Special visceral afferents
29
SP cell bodies
Spinal cord T1-L2
30
Postganglionic Sp in head supplies _____
``` BV muscle SM and skin glands Large salivary glands Nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx glands and BVs Pupil dilator ```
31
PSP innervate ____ in the head
Ciliary muscle Sphincter pupillae Glandular secretion
32
Postganglionic PSP fibers in trigeminal nerve
Ciliary V1 Pterygopalatine V2 Submandibular V3 Otic V3
33
CN V special visceral efferent do what?
Innervate MOM, muscle of pharynx and larynx
34
CN V general somatic afferent do what?
Transmit somatic sensation from face and mucous membranes of cranial viscera NOT pharynx and base of tongue
35
Where is trigeminal ganglion
Depression in petrous portion of temporal bone (trigeminal cave)
36
Foramen for V
``` V1 = superior orbital fissure V2 = foramen rotundum V3 = foramen ovale ```
37
V1 3 main branches
Nasociliary Frontal Lacrimal
38
Nasociliary function
``` Cornea Iris Ciliary body Skin lower eyelid Mucosa of ethmoid/sphenoid/frontal sinus Nasal cavity ```
39
Frontal function
Skin upper eyelid | Skin lower and middle forehead
40
Lacrimal function
Lacrimal gland | Lateral upper eyelid
41
V1 w/ ____ branches for _____
5 | Cutaneous innervation
42
____ terminal branches of frontal nerve are ____
2 Supraorbital nerve Supratrochlear nerve
43
Supraorbital function
Forehead | Upper eyelid
44
Supratrochlear function
Small area of forehead | Medial eyelid
45
____ terminal branches of Nasociliary are ____
2 Infratrochlear Anterior ethmoidal
46
Infratrochlear function
Skin over nose and medial upper eyelid
47
External nasal nerve comes from ____ and does ____
Anterior ethmoid Skin of nose below nasal bones
48
Lacrimal function
Lateral part upper eyelid
49
Where do V2 branches come off at?
Pterygopalatine fossa
50
Pterygopalatine V2 courses where
Leaves V2 and goes down --> enters pterygopalatine ganglion --> goes down through pterygopalatine canal --> becomes greater and lesser palatine nerves
51
Greater palatine foramen and function
Greater palatine foramen Mucous membrane of posterior hard palate and soft palate
52
Lesser palatine foramen and function
Lesser palatine foramen Soft palate, uvula, tonsils
53
Nasopalatine courses where and supplies what
Branches at pterygopalatine ganglion --> through sphenopalatine foramen to nasal cavity --> nasal septum --> emerges through incisive canal Anterior hard palate
54
Infraorbital terminal branch of ____
Maxillary nerve proper
55
Infraorbital courses where and supplies what
Pterygopalatine fossa --> inferior orbital fissure --> infraorbital canal and foramen Skin of lower eyelid Skin on side of nose, upper lip Labial gingiva maxillary anterior Skin anterior cheek
56
Superior alveolar nerve branches Branches off of
PSA MSA ASA Infraorbital nerve
57
When do the superior alveolar nerve branches branch
PSA: Off of V2 before entering orbit MSA: Within infraorbital canal ASA: Within infraorbital canal
58
PSA, MSA, and ASA forms ____
Superior dental plexus
59
3 V2 branches for cutaneous innervation
Infraorbital Zygomaticofacial (cheek) Zygomatiotemporal (temple)

Surgical Anatomy (2 decks)

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