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Surgical Anatomy > Innervation and Vasculature > Flashcards

Innervation and Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves 1-4 and general functions

A

1 - Olfactory (smell)
2 - Optic (vision)
3 - Oculomotor (4 eye muscles, accommodation)
4 - Trochlear (superior oblique)

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2
Q

Cranial nerves 5-8 and general functions

A

5 - Trigeminal (sensation from face and oral cavity, motor for MOM)
6 - Abducens (lateral rectus)
7 - Facial (taste, muscles of facial expression, secretion of lacrimal, mucosal, and salivary glands)
8 - Vestibulocochlear (hearing and equilibrium)

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3
Q

Cranial nerves 9-12 and general functions

A

9 - Glossopharyngeal (sensation from pharynx, taste, pharyngeal muscles, parotid gland)
10 - Vagus (sensation from pharynx and larynx, taste, muscles of palate/pharynx/larynx, PSP to thorax/abdomen
11 - Spinal accessory (Trapezius, SCM)
12 - Hypoglossal (tongue muscles)

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4
Q

Origin of CN I

A

Olfactory bulb - in olfactory sulcus between orbital gyri of frontal lobe

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5
Q

Origin of CN II

A

Tract that unites in optic chiasm in front of infundibulum of pituitary gland

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6
Q

Origin of CN III-XII

A

Brainstem

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7
Q

Make-up of brainstem anterior to posterior

A

Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla oblongota

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8
Q

Peripheral nerve fiber classification

A 
Afferent somatic (external environment)
Afferent visceral (internal environment)
Efferent somatic (skeletal muscles)
Efferent visceral (cardiac, SM, glands)
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9
Q

Visceral efferent subdivided into:

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

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10
Q

3 bonus categories of cranial nerves

A

Special somatic afferent (Vision, hearing, balance)

Special visceral afferent (smell, taste)

Special visceral efferent (branchial efferents)

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11
Q

Branchiomeric muscle examples

A

MOM

Muscles of facial expression

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12
Q

Sensory/motor/both mnemonic

A

Some say money matters but my brothers say big brains matter more

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13
Q

Type of fibers CN I

A

Special visceral afferent

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14
Q

” CN II

A

Special somatic afferent

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15
Q

” CN III

A

General somatic efferent

General visceral efferent

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16
Q

” CN IV

A

General somatic efferent

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17
Q

” CN V

A

General somatic afferent

Special visceral efferent

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18
Q

” CN VI

A

General somatic efferent

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19
Q

” CN VII

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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20
Q

” CN VIII

A

Special somatic afferent

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21
Q

” CN IX

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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22
Q

” CN X

A 
General somatic afferent
General visceral afferent
General visceral efferent
Special visceral afferent
Special visceral efferent
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23
Q

” CN XI

A

Special visceral efferent

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24
Q

” CN XII

A

General somatic efferent

25
Q

Efferent fiber central connection and cell bodies location

A

Within same nucleus in CNS

26
Q

Afferent cell bodies location

A

Ganglia outside CNS

27
Q

Trigeminal ganglion name + what fibers

A

Gasserian ganglion

General somatic afferents

28
Q

Facial ganglion name + what fibers

A

Geniculate ganglion

Special visceral afferents

29
Q

SP cell bodies

A

Spinal cord T1-L2

30
Q

Postganglionic Sp in head supplies _____

A 
BV muscle
SM and skin glands
Large salivary glands
Nasal cavity, palate, and pharynx glands and BVs
Pupil dilator
31
Q

PSP innervate ____ in the head

A

Ciliary muscle
Sphincter pupillae
Glandular secretion

32
Q

Postganglionic PSP fibers in trigeminal nerve

A

Ciliary V1
Pterygopalatine V2
Submandibular V3
Otic V3

33
Q

CN V special visceral efferent do what?

A

Innervate MOM, muscle of pharynx and larynx

34
Q

CN V general somatic afferent do what?

A

Transmit somatic sensation from face and mucous membranes of cranial viscera

NOT pharynx and base of tongue

35
Q

Where is trigeminal ganglion

A

Depression in petrous portion of temporal bone (trigeminal cave)

36
Q

Foramen for V

A 
V1 = superior orbital fissure
V2 = foramen rotundum
V3 = foramen ovale
37
Q

V1 3 main branches

A

Nasociliary
Frontal
Lacrimal

38
Q

Nasociliary function

A 
Cornea
Iris
Ciliary body
Skin lower eyelid
Mucosa of ethmoid/sphenoid/frontal sinus
Nasal cavity
39
Q

Frontal function

A

Skin upper eyelid

Skin lower and middle forehead

40
Q

Lacrimal function

A

Lacrimal gland

Lateral upper eyelid

41
Q

V1 w/ ____ branches for _____

A

5

Cutaneous innervation

42
Q

____ terminal branches of frontal nerve are ____

A

2

Supraorbital nerve
Supratrochlear nerve

43
Q

Supraorbital function

A

Forehead

Upper eyelid

44
Q

Supratrochlear function

A

Small area of forehead

Medial eyelid

45
Q

____ terminal branches of Nasociliary are ____

A

2

Infratrochlear
Anterior ethmoidal

46
Q

Infratrochlear function

A

Skin over nose and medial upper eyelid

47
Q

External nasal nerve comes from ____ and does ____

A

Anterior ethmoid

Skin of nose below nasal bones

48
Q

Lacrimal function

A

Lateral part upper eyelid

49
Q

Where do V2 branches come off at?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

50
Q

Pterygopalatine V2 courses where

A

Leaves V2 and goes down –> enters pterygopalatine ganglion –> goes down through pterygopalatine canal –> becomes greater and lesser palatine nerves

51
Q

Greater palatine foramen and function

A

Greater palatine foramen

Mucous membrane of posterior hard palate and soft palate

52
Q

Lesser palatine foramen and function

A

Lesser palatine foramen

Soft palate, uvula, tonsils

53
Q

Nasopalatine courses where and supplies what

A

Branches at pterygopalatine ganglion –> through sphenopalatine foramen to nasal cavity –> nasal septum –> emerges through incisive canal

Anterior hard palate

54
Q

Infraorbital terminal branch of ____

A

Maxillary nerve proper

55
Q

Infraorbital courses where and supplies what

A

Pterygopalatine fossa –> inferior orbital fissure –> infraorbital canal and foramen

Skin of lower eyelid
Skin on side of nose, upper lip
Labial gingiva maxillary anterior
Skin anterior cheek

56
Q

Superior alveolar nerve branches

Branches off of

A

PSA
MSA
ASA

Infraorbital nerve

57
Q

When do the superior alveolar nerve branches branch

A

PSA: Off of V2 before entering orbit

MSA: Within infraorbital canal

ASA: Within infraorbital canal

58
Q

PSA, MSA, and ASA forms ____

A

Superior dental plexus

59
Q

3 V2 branches for cutaneous innervation

A

Infraorbital

Zygomaticofacial (cheek)

Zygomatiotemporal (temple)

Surgical Anatomy (2 decks)

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