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Surgical Anatomy > Craniofacial and Musculature > Flashcards

Craniofacial and Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

Skull

A

Includes mandible

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2
Q

Cranium

A

Skull w/out mandible

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3
Q

Calvaria

A

Upper part of cranium that covers brain

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4
Q

Runs front to back

A

Sagittal plane

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5
Q

Runs right to left

A

Coronal plane

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6
Q

Functions of skull

A

Protect brain

Scaffold for muscles

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7
Q

of bones of skull

A

22 bones

6 ossicles

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8
Q

Skull broken up into 2 parts

A

Cranium

Facial

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9
Q

Cranium bones and #

A

8

Frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

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10
Q

Facial bones and #

A

14

Vomer, inferior nasal concha (2), nasal (2), lacrimal (2), maxilla (2), palatine (2), zygoma (2), mandible

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11
Q

Parts of maxilla

A

Frontal
Zygomatic
Alveolar
Anterior nasal spine

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12
Q

Orbital cavity bones (7)

A 
Frontal
Sphenoid
Zygoma
Maxilla
Palatine
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
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13
Q

Roof of orbit

A

Frontal

Lesser wing of sphenoid

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14
Q

Lateral wall of orbit

A

Greater wing of sphenoid

Zygoma

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15
Q

Floor of orbit

A

Zygoma
Maxilla
Palatine bone

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16
Q

Median wall of orbit

A

Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Body of sphenoid

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17
Q

3 parts of nasal cavity

A

Nasal septum
Nasal concha
Ostium

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18
Q

What attaches above infraorbital foramen

A

Levator labii superioris

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19
Q

What attaches below infraorbital foramen

A

Levator anguli oris

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20
Q

What attaches medial to mental foramen

A

Depressor labii inferioris

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21
Q

What attaches below mental foramen

A

Depressor anguli oris

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22
Q

Bones of anterior cranial fossa

A

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

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23
Q

2 parts of ethmoid seen in anterior cranial fossa

A

Crista galli

Cribiform plate

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24
Q

Bones of middle cranial fossa

A

Sphenoid

Temporal

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25
Bones of posterior cranial fossa
Occipital | Temporal
26
Foramen rotundum
V2 Maxillary nerve
27
Foramen ovale
V3 Mandibular nerve | Accessory meningeal artery
28
Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal vessels | Recurrent branch from mandibular nerve
29
Foramen lacerum
Internal carotid artery | Meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
30
Jugular foramen
Internal jugular vein | CN 9, 10, 11
31
Hypoglossal foramen
CN 12 | Meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery
32
Foramen magnum
Medulla oblongota Spinal accessory nerve Vertebral/spinal arteries
33
Superior orbital fissure
``` CN 3 CN 4 CN 6 Nasociliary nerve Lacrimal nerve Frontal nerve Ophthalmic veins ```
34
Inferior orbital fissure
Maxillary nerve Zygomatic nerve Infraorbital vessels Veins to pterygoid plexus
35
Mandibular foramen
Inferior alveolar nerve and vessels
36
Mental foramen
Mental nerve and vessels
37
Incisive foramen
Nasopalatine nerve | Terminal branch of descending palatine vessels
38
Greater palatine foramen
Greater palatine nerve | Descending palatine vessels
39
Lesser palatine foramen
Lesser palatine nerves
40
Supraorbital foramen
Supraorbital N & A
41
Infraorbital foramen
Infraorbital N & A
42
Zygomatioorbital foramen
Zygomaticofacial nerve | Zygomaticotemporal nerve
43
Zygomaticotemporal foramen
Zygomaticotemporal nerve
44
Zygomaticofacial foramen
Zygomaticofacial nerve and vessels
45
Stylomastoid foramen
CN 7 | Stylomastoid artery
46
Masseter origin and insertion
Deep: Inferior/posterior and medial zygomatic arch Superficial: Lower border of zygomatic arch Deep: Lateral ramus Superficial: Lateral ramus
47
Masseter action
Mandibular elevation/closure Retrusion
48
Masseter BV & N
Masseteric artery (maxillary branch) Masseter nerve V3
49
Temporalis origin and insertion
Temporal fossa and fascia Coronoid process and anterior ramus
50
Temporalis action
Mandibular elevation/closure Retrude mandible
51
Temporalis BV & N
Deep temporal artery (maxillary branch) Posterior and anterior deep temporal nerve (V3)
52
Lateral pterygoid origin
Superior head: Infratemporal crest and greater wing of sphenoid Inferior head: Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
53
Lateral pterygoid insertion
Superior head: Pterygoid fovea (condylar neck), TMJ disk and articular capsule Inferior head: Pterygoid fovea
54
Lateral pterygoid action
Protrude and open (depress) mandible Lateral movement
55
Lateral pterygoid BV & N
Pterygoid artery (maxillary branch) Lateral pterygoid nerve V3
56
Medial pterygoid origin
Superficial head: Maxillary tuberosity and lateral surface pyramidal process of palatine bone Deep head: Medial surface lateral pterygoid plate and posterior surface of pyramidal process of palatine bone
57
Medial pterygoid insertion
Medial surface of ramus below lingula
58
Medial pterygoid action
Close (elevate) and protrude mandible
59
Medial pterygoid BV & N
Pterygoid artery (maxillary branch) Medial pterygoid nerve V3
60
Elevation of mandible
Temporalis Masseter Medial pterygoid
61
Depression of mandible
Lateral pterygoid Suprahyoid Infrahyoid
62
Protrusion of mandible
Lateral pterygoid | Medial pterygoid
63
Retrusion of mandible
Temporalis | Masseter
64
Right lateral movement of mandible
Right masseter Right temporalis Left medial pterygoid Left lateral pterygoid
65
Buccinator origin and insertion
Origin: Pterygomandibular raphe, maxillary and mandibular buccal alveolar process Modiolus/upper and lower lips
66
Buccinator action
Compresses cheeks
67
Buccinator BV & N
Buccal artery (maxillary branch) Buccal branch of CN 7
68
Anterior digastric origin and insertion
Intermediate tendon - continuous with posterior belly Digastric fossa anterior lower border of mandible
69
Anterior digastric action
Draws hyoid bone forward
70
Anterior digastric BV & N
Submental artery Mylohyoid nerve V3
71
Posterior digastric origin and insertion
Mastoid/digastric notch posterior to mastoid Intermediate tendon associated with hyoid
72
Posterior digastric action
Raises hyoid
73
Posterior digastric BV & N
Occipital artery Posterior auricular artery Digastric branch of CN 7
74
Mylohyoid origin and insertion
Mylohyoid ridge (mandible) Hyoid, median raphe
75
Mylohyoid action
Elevates hyoid, base of tongue, and floor of mouth
76
Mylohyoid BV & N
Submental artery Mylohyoid nerve V3
77
Geniohyoid origin and insertion
Inferior mental spine/genial tubercle Hyoid bone
78
Geniohyoid action
Draws tongue and hyoid forward
79
Geniohyoid BV & N
Sublingual artery Ansa cervicalis C1
80
What muscles are suprahyoid?
Anterior digastric, posterior digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
81
3 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
Genioglossus Hyoglossus Styloglossus
82
Functions of extrinsic tongue muscles
Tongue movements
83
Genioglossus origin and insertion
Superior mental spine/genial tubercle Tongue, hyoid
84
Genioglossus action
Protrude tongue Retract tip of tongue Depress tongue
85
Genioglossus BV & N
Lingual artery Hypoglossal nerve - CN 12
86
Hyoglossus origin and insertion
Hyoid Lateral tongue
87
Hyoglossus action
Depress dorsum of tongue Pulls lateral borders down
88
Hyoglossus BV & N
Lingual artery Hypoglossal nerve - CN 12
89
Styloglossus origin insertion
Styloid process Lateral tongue
90
Styloglossus action
Retract tongue | Draws up sides of tongue
91
Styloglossus BV & N
Lingual artery Hypoglossal nerve - CN 12
92
Tensor veli palatine origin and insertion
Lateral aspect of auditory tube and scaphoid fossa Comes around hamulus to insert into palate aponeurosis
93
TVP action
Tense/elevate palate Opens auditory tube during yawning/swallowing
94
TVP BV & N
Ascending palatine artery Ascending pharyngeal artery V3 branch
95
Levator veli palatine origin and insertion
Petrous portion of temporal bone, medial aspect of auditory tube Palatine aponeurosis
96
LVP action
Elevates palate during swallowing/yawning
97
LVP BV & N
Ascending palatine artery Ascending pharyngeal artery Accessory spinal nerve CN 11 via the vagus CN 10
98
Palatopharyngeus origin and insertion
Palate aponeurosis Lateral wall of pharynx
99
Palatopharyngeus action
Closes oropharyngeal isthmus by elevating pharynx
100
Palatopharyngeus BV & N
Ascending pharyngeal artery Accessory spinal nerve CN 11 via vagus CN 10
101
Palatoglossus origin and insertion
Palatine aponeurosis Lateral aspect of tongue
102
Palatoglossus action
Closes oropharyngeal isthmus by approximating the tongue and soft palate
103
Palatglossus BV & N
Ascending pharyngeal artery Accessory spinal nerve CN 11 via vagus CN 10
104
Uvular origin and insertion
Posterior nasal spine Uvula
105
Uvular action
Raises uvula
106
Uvular BV & N
Ascending palatine artery Ascending pharyngeal artery Accessory spinal nerve CN 11 via vagus CN 10

Surgical Anatomy (2 decks)

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