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Anatomy > Inner Ear > Flashcards

Inner Ear Flashcards

1
Q

Cochlea x1

A

derived from “shell” base and apex

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2
Q

osseous spiral cochlear canal

A

ossesous labyrinth part of this structure

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3
Q

osseous spiral lamina

A

thin delicate bone, not solid inside is where neurons run to and from hair cells

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4
Q

Basilar Membrane

A

connective tissue has cells that vibrates when stimulate ear with sound –> runs from base to apex

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5
Q

modiolus

A

honey combed with air cells, provides support for other structures

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6
Q

Reissner’s Membrane

A

epithelium (2 cell thick) layer dividing each turn into 3 spaces

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7
Q

Cochlear Duct

A

structure that defines space inside (scala media) membranous labyrinth of cochlea 3 boundaries are: basilar membrane, stria vascularis, reissner’s membrane separates scala tympani and scala vestibuli (except at apex)

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8
Q

Scala tympani

A

ends in dead end except for round window, (secondary tympanic membrane)

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9
Q

Helicotrema

A

apex of cochlear duct where scala tympani and scala vestibuli meet, joining of 2 sections

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10
Q

stria vascularis

A

anchored to wall by spiral ligament, tissue just inside it rich capillary bed with a lot of bloody supply to entire inner ear –>generates endolymph

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11
Q

spiral ganglion

A

cell bodies of this reside in sensory neurons of ear

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12
Q

organ of corti

A

organ of hearing, attached to spiral limbus (sits on top of spiral lamina)

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13
Q

spiral limbus

A

secretes cells of tectorial membrane

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14
Q

Cochlear Duct Cells

A

Top of Organ of Corti: Hinson Cells, microvill are top tiny rods extending Tight Junctions

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15
Q

Tight Junctions

A

tight: glue with insulating properties, proteins in the membranes that connect one cell together very tightly –> tighter the junctions the harder it is for ionic compounds to cross over (keeps endolymph and perilymph apart from another)

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16
Q

Reissner’s membrane (cell)

A

2 cells thick epithelium 1-mesothelial cell layer –> whispy matrix between 2 called basement membrane 2-endothelial cell layer -> tight junctions, microvilli facing scala media, many cell organelles

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17
Q

Basilar Membrane Zones

A

Arcuate Zone Pectinate Zone

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18
Q

Arcuate Zone

A

has 1 layer of fibrous bands has thinner base membrane moves as unit because of it’s structure

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19
Q

Pectinate Zone

A

what tapers most in mechanical properities thicker than arcuate zone base membrane fibrous layer: connective tissue with denser bands –> homogenous layer and fibrous bands (2 in pectinate)

20
Q

Stria Vascularis Cells

A

Blood capillaries run in it, marginal cells: face endolymph, filled with mitochondria in feet (ATP) –> transport ions sodium out onto feet, K+ by smooth side –>has positive voltage inside bc much movement of K+ into cells, electrogenic pumping

21
Q

Tectorial Membrane Zones

A

Limbal Zone Middle Zone Marginal Band

22
Q

Limbal Zone

A

attachment to spiral limbus -intersulcus cells-line space under tectorial membrane close to modialis space in organ of corti -inner spiral cells: covered by limbal zone-one end tectorial membrane attached to limbus

23
Q

Middle Zone

A

distinguished by broad thick fibrous region

24
Q

Marginal Band

A

loosely attachment with organ of corti Not as stationary as limbal zone, free to move as basilar membrane moves up and down Kimura’s membrane & hensen’s stripe

25
Q

Kimura’s membrane

A

specifically attaches to OHC (firm attachment) in marginal band of tectorial membrane

26
Q

Hensen’s Stripe

A

lies over IHC but does not come into contact with stereocilia

27
Q

Organ of Corti Cells

A

Pillar Cells Deiter Cells Hensen Cells inner sulcus cells

28
Q

pillar cells

A

have feet, head and stalks-in pairs lock together Tunnel of corti between 2 pillar cells with perilymph, top surface of organ of corti Head: tightly attached at this point, contains structural actin Stalk: tonofilaments (tubulin and actin) -provide support for hair cells Feet: sit on basilar membrane and are attached, structural actin

29
Q

Deiter Cell

A

Base is rigid structure with room for neurons to make synapses, touches tip of pillar cell, tight junctions form, ABLE to contract 3 rows of deiter cells Spaces of Neul=perilymph in space between OHC and deiter cell has phalangeal process Deiter’s Cup: have network of tonofilaments in base, OHC sit in here (all 3 rows) Body

30
Q

Hensen Cells

A

tight junctions between all of it, maintains perilymph endolymph boundary

31
Q

Reticular Lamina

A

top of organ of corti from inner hair cell to lateral outer hair cell

32
Q

Outer Hair Cells

A

cylindrical: suggests analogy with vestibular type 2 cells vary in length: longer in apex and steadily get shorter to the base, directly underneath kimura’s membrane

33
Q

Outer Hair cell zones

A

Receptor Pole Subcuticular Zone Supranuclear Zone Nucleus Synaptic Zone

34
Q

Receptor Pole (OHC)

A

Cuticular plate that stereocilia attach to zone of OHC, transduction occurs here, stereocilia in W shape, tip links are site of transduction, attachment of tallest OHC stereocilia to tectorial membrane stereocilia have rigid structure and tapers to end, end goes into cuticular plate and forms nice connection and weak point is at base

35
Q

Subcuticular Zone (OHC)

A

lysosomes, mitochondria, Hensen bodies (Ca metabolism –>controls transduction)

36
Q

Supranuclear Zone (OHC)

A

laminated cisternae (inside OHC), prestin (in cell membrane)

37
Q

Synaptic Zone (OHC)

A

efferent and afferent nerve terminals on soma

efferent: regulate gain of cochlear amplifier –> modulate sensitivity of ear to sounds at certain conditions, has subsynaptic sister (stores calcium to release as NT are released) (radial efferent)

spiral afferent

38
Q

OHC Innervation

A

Type A: primarly efferent innervation (predominant in base)
Type B: primarily afferent innervation (prominent in apex)

39
Q

IHC

A

Don’t have prestin in membrane (don’t know if help with amplification)
Primarily signaling pathway for brain, have healthy afferent pattern
Primary information conduct to CNS

decoupled for low frequency vibrations, but as frequency increases and shearing increases, coupling is effective at higher frequencies
IHC=high pass filter

40
Q

Receptor Pole (IHC)

A

stereocilia not attached to tectorial membrane, underneath cuticular plate: Golgi Zone (abundance of golgi apparatus)

41
Q

Subnuclear Zone

A 
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
 ribosomes: synthesize proteins that are part of synaptic system/machinery
 very profilerated (Golgi + ER) --\> like in neurons
42
Q

Synaptic Zone (IHC)

A

Many small afferent terminals neurons

fundamental for hearing, especially temporal unique to hearing

43
Q

Reticular Lamina

A

Especially in OHC, this is speculated to lead to HC degeneration
holes in reticular lamina result in mixing of endolymph and perilymph

endolymph enters fluid space of organ of corti

supporting cell processes enlarge and close holes (rapidly) to form tight junctions between them –> allow surviving cells to function

44
Q

Wipeout of Organ of Corti

A

Myelinated neural fibers due to noise exposure –> region of organ of corti gave “dead cone” left to seal boundary MNF’s wiped out

45
Q
A

Anatomy (9 decks)

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