Innate Sensors/Pattern Recognition

Question 1

What is the “Pattern Recognition Theory?”

Answer 1

Question 2

Describe the PRR families

Answer 2

Question 3

What does TLR4 recognize?

Answer 3

TLR4 - receptor of LPS (cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria) that mediates innate immunity and inflammation

Question 4

Describe Mammalian TLRs

Answer 4

Question 5

Describe the locations of TLRs and their ligands

Answer 5

Question 6

TLR signalling relies on common adaptors. These include?

Answer 6

TRIF or MyD88

Question 7

How does MyD88 pathway activate NF-kB?

Answer 7

Ubiquitin-dependent Activation of NF-kB by MyD88 Pathway

TRIF pathway can also activate NF-kB but it mainly uses the IFN pathway

Question 8

How does TLR3 and TLR7 result in Type I IFN induction?

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the types of CLRs?

Answer 9

Question 10

Discuss type II CLR signalling

Answer 10

Question 11

Describe the domains of RLRs

Answer 11

Question 12

Detail the RLR signalling pathway

Answer 12

Question 13

Describe the domains of NLRs

Answer 13

Question 14

NLR signalling: NOD1,2 pathways

Answer 14

Question 15

NLR Signaling: the NLRP3 Inflammasome

Answer 15

Question 16

NLRP3 Inflammasome activation requires two signals. What are they?

Answer 16

Question 17

Cytoplasmic DNA sensors: the cGAS-STING Pathway

Answer 17

Question 18

cGAS senses both ______and _______ DNAs

Answer 18

foreign and self

Question 19

Functions of PRR signalling

Answer 19

Question 20

PRRs in inflammation

Answer 20

Question 21

PRRs in DC migration and maturation

Answer 21

Question 22

PRRs in T-cell activation, tolerance, and differentiation

Answer 22