Innate immunity - in health and disease Flashcards
1
Q
Compare Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
A
Innate = Adaptive =
- Initial Response -Delayed Response
- Mast Cells/Phagocytes. -B Lymphocytes
- Dendritic Cells. -Plasma Cells
- NK Cells -Antibodies
- Complement -T Lymphocytes
- Innate Lymphoid cells -Effector T cells
2
Q
Describe Natural Killer cells.
A
- Recognise infected cells/kills them (killer cells)
- Express cytotoxic enzymes and produce interferon-y
- granules contain perforin to target cell pores
- granzymes activate caspases –> apoptosis
- Collaborate with macrophages (produce IL-12 activating NK cells)
- Inhibitory/activating receptors
- inhibitory receptors recognise MHC1 and block signals from activating receptors
- NK cells don’t attack healthy cells
3
Q
What is Chediak-Higashi?
A
- Absence of NK cells, reduce quality/quantity of phagocytes
- recurrent infection/neutropenia (low levels of WBCs)
4
Q
What is Granulomatous?
A
- phagocytosed microbes 🦠 cannot be killed
- recurrent infections
5
Q
Describe Leucocyte adhesion defects:
A
-Defective neutrophil chemotaxis and impaired clearance of pathogens
6
Q
What do complement deficiencies cause?
A
Infections
