Innate Immunity

Question 1

What are the benefits of inflammation?

Answer 1

Bring fluid to the wound (more WBS),

Question 2

Role of the immune system?

Answer 2

Recognise and respond to foreign invaders by a range of actions

Question 3

2 examples of non-specific defence mechanisms

Answer 3

1st line: intact skin, mucous membranes, secretions, pH

2nd line: phagocyte WBC, Inflammation fever Antimicrobials

Question 4

How does intact skin protect from pathogens?

Answer 4

Natural microflora inhibit growth of foreign microbes, Slightly acidic pH, mucus and cilia or respiratory, high skin cell turnover, chemical secretions

Question 5

Job of lysozymes and phopholipases in secretions

Answer 5

lysozymes: kill bacteria through hydrolysis of cell walls links
Phospholipases: hydrolyse lipids of bacterial membranes

Question 6

Importance of blood clotting

Answer 6

Maintain protective skin barrier, prevent blood loss

Question 7

What is a phagocyte?

Answer 7

WBC that ingests microbes via phagocytosis and dispose of them

Question 8

Role of Monocytes

Answer 8

Largest WBC, move quickly to site of infection, differentiate to macrophafe and dendritic cell

Question 9

Function of dendritic cells

Answer 9

Messenger cell between innate and adaptive immune cells. present antigenic fragments

Question 10

Function of macrophages

Answer 10

Engulf and digest, cellular debris and pathogens, stimulate lymphocytes and other WBC

Question 11

Function of Neutrophils

Answer 11

Most abundant, ingest pathogens, die after phagocytosis of few pathogens

Question 12

Function of a Mast Cell

Answer 12

Store histamine and heparin also involved in anaphylaxis

Question 13

Function of Basophils

Answer 13

Inflammation response, release histamine and heparin

Question 14

Function of Eosinophil

Answer 14

Discharge destructive enzymes responding to parasitic infection