Innate Immunity

Question 1

Common CD numbers and the cells they represent

Answer 1

CD3 = common t-cell marker
CD4 = helper T cell
CD8 = cytotoxic T cell
CD14 = monocyte/macrophage
CD16 = Neutrophil
CD20 = B cells

Question 2

Primary lymphoid organs

Answer 2

Bone marrow and Thymus

Question 3

What causes cytokine causes fever response

Answer 3

TNF alpha, IL 1, IL 6

Question 4

Important parts in the innate immunity

Answer 4

1. Defensin
2. Type 1 interferon
3. Complement system

Question 5

Where is defensin found in and what is its function?

Answer 5

It is found in neutrophil, macrophage, epithelial cell and dendritic cells
Its function is to cause penetrate microbial membrane to form pores

Question 6

What is type 1 interferon

Answer 6

Interferon alpha and beta
Interferes with viral replication
Activates macrophage, dendritic cells and natural killer cells

Question 7

What is the compliment system and what is their function

Answer 7

Compliment system is a group of proteins made by the liver
They accumulate to form MAC, membrane attack complex to cause lysis of cells
Compliment system triggers inflammation and phagocytosis

Question 8

Innate immune response types

Answer 8

1. Phagocytosis
2. Inflammation
3. Natural killer cells

Question 9

Phagocytosis

Answer 9

Is an active process
Phagocytosis receptors are
1. Lectin receptor (mannose receptor)
2. Scavenger receptors
3. Fc receptors
4. Complement receptors

Question 10

Inflammation response function in innate immunity

Answer 10

• Prevent spread of infection to other parts of the body
• promote repair of injured tissue
• release of cytokines and chemokine for chemotaxis

Question 11

Natural killer cells
How they cause lysis of pathogen
Which part of infection do they exert their function in
What chemokines cause their increase in function

Answer 11

Large granular lymphocytes
Release granzymes made of perforin and proteases to cause lysis of pathogen
Exert function in early part of infection
Activity is increased by IFN alpha, IFN Beta, TNF alpha, IL12

Question 12

How does innate immunity differentiate self from non-self cells

Answer 12

PAMP and DAMP
Pathogen associated molecular protein
Danger associated molecular protein

Question 13

What is the name of the receptor used to differentiate between self and non-self cells in innate immunity

Answer 13

Pattern recognition receptor

TLR, toll like receptor is an example of a PRR