Innate Immune Cells and Responses

Question 1

What are the pros and cons of mast cells?

Answer 1

Lecture 7, slide 16-18

Question 2

What are polymorphonuclear cells?

Answer 2

Lecture 7, slide 24, 28

Question 3

What are some major causes of increased neutrophil numbers?

Answer 3

Lecture 7, slide 29

Question 4

What are some major causes of decreased neutrophil numbers?

Answer 4

Lecture 7, slide 30

Question 5

What is Kostmann disease?

Answer 5

Lecture 7, slide 32, 34

Question 6

What are some opsonins?

Answer 6

Lecture 7, slide 38

Question 7

What are the features of phagocytosis?

Answer 7

Lecture 7, slide 39

Question 8

How can phagocytosis go wrong?

Answer 8

Lecture 7, slide 40-41

Question 9

How can a phagocyte kill a bacteria after phagocytosis?

Answer 9

Lecture 7, slide 44

Question 10

What is a respiratory burst?

Answer 10

Lecture 7, slide 45

Question 11

What is the process of oxygen-dependent bacterial killing?

Answer 11

Lecture 7, slide 47-49

Question 12

What is Chronic Granulomatous Disease?

Answer 12

Lecture 7, slide 51

Question 13

What are some non oxygen-dependent bacterial killing mechanisms?

Answer 13

Lecture 7, slide 52

-antimicrobial peptides

Question 14

What are antimicrobial peptides?

Answer 14

Lecture 7, slide 53

Question 15

What is the process of bacterial killing by reactive nitrogen species?

Answer 15

Lecture 7, slide 54

Question 16

What are NETs?

Answer 16

Lecture 7, slide 56-57

Question 17

What are the advantages and disdvantages of NETs?

Answer 17

Lecture 7, slide 58, 59

Question 18

How do bacteria escape NET killing?

Answer 18

Lecture 7, slide 58

Question 19

How can neutrophils damage tissues?

Answer 19

Lecture 7, slide 60

Question 20

What is complement?

Answer 20

Lecture 7, slide 63

Question 21

What are the three complement pathways?

Answer 21

Lecture 7, slide 65

Question 22

What are the three main end results of complement?

Answer 22

Lecture 7, slide 66

Question 23

What are the inflammatory mediators generated by the complement pathways? What do they do?

Answer 23

Lecture 7, slide 67

-chemotaxis

Question 24

What are the opsonins generated by the complement pathways?

Answer 24

Lecture 7, slide 68

Question 25

How is MAC assembled?

Answer 25

Lecture 7, slide 69

Question 26

What is the process of the classical pathway of complement activation?

Answer 26

Lecture 7, slide 73, 75 - C3a is an inflammatory mediator - C3b is a potent opsonin

Question 27

What is the process of the alternative pathway of complement activation?

Answer 27

Lecture 7, slide 76-77

Question 28

How do host cells protect themselves against complement?

Answer 28

Lecture 7, slide 78, 80-81

Question 29

Why is complement tightly regulated?

Answer 29

Lecture 7, slide 82

Question 30

What are the differences between monocytes and macrophages?

Answer 30

Lecture 8, slide 6

Question 31

What are the functions of macrophages?

Answer 31

Lecture 8, slide 7, 78

Question 32

What are the different type of macrophages?

Answer 32

Lecture 8, slide 11

Question 33

What makes a good PAMP?

Answer 33

Lecture 8, slide 26

Question 34

What are PRRs? What is their function?

Answer 34

Lecture 8, slide 27

Question 35

What are some intracellular pathogen recognition systems?

Answer 35

- NOD - RIG - some TLRs

Question 36

What are some macrophage receptors/PRRs?

Answer 36

Lecture 8, slide 33, 36

Question 37

What are scavenger receptors?

Answer 37

Lecture 8, slide 35 | -foam celll: a type of cell that contains cholesterol

Question 38

What is Dectin-1?

Answer 38

Lecture 8, slide 40

Question 39

Where can TLRs be found?

Answer 39

Lecture 8, slide 48, 56

Question 40

What are Toll Like Receptors?

Answer 40

Lecture 8, slide 49

Question 41

What is the process of TLR4 signalling?

Answer 41

Lecture 8, slide 53-55

Question 42

What is the role of TLR9 and TLR2?

Answer 42

Lecture 8, slide 58, 60-61

Question 43

What is the difference between opsonic and non-opsonic receptors?

Answer 43

Lecture 8, slide 63

Question 44

What is the role of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6?

Answer 44

Lecture 8, slide 62